{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T10:55:03Z","timestamp":1785236103189,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599696000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prevalence of seizures\/febrile seizures in children up to 3 years of age and examine the effects of gestational age at birth on the risk for febrile seizures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective longitudinal population-based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kobe City public health center<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>, Kobe, Japan, from 2010 to 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children who underwent a medical check-up at 3 years of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information regarding seizures was collected from the parents of 96\u2009014 children. We identified the occurrence of seizure\/febrile seizure in 74\u2009017 children, whose gestational ages at birth were noted. We conducted a multivariate analysis with the parameter, gestational age at birth, to analyse the risk of seizure. We also stratified the samples by sex and birth weight (&lt;2500 g or not) and compared the prevalence of seizure between those with the term and late preterm births.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of seizure was 12.1% (11.8%\u201312.3%), 13.2% (12.2%\u201314.4%), 14.6% (12.4%\u201317.7%) and 15.7% (10.5%\u201322.8%) in children born at 37\u201341, 34\u201336, 28\u201333 and 22\u201327 gestational weeks, respectively. The prevalence of febrile seizures was 9.0% (8.8%\u20139.2%), 10.5% (9.5%\u201311.5%), 11.8% (9.7%\u201314.5%) and 11.2% (6.9%\u201317.7%) in children born at 37\u201341, 34\u201336, 28\u201333 and 22\u201327 gestational weeks, respectively. Male was an independent risk factor for seizures (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.20; absolute risk increase 0.014, 95% CI 0.010 to 0.019) and febrile seizures (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.28; absolute risk increase 0.016, 95% CI 0.012 to 0.020), respectively. Late preterm birth was not associated with an increased risk of seizure\/febrile seizure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although very preterm birth may increase the risk of seizure\/febrile seizure, the risk associated with late preterm birth is considerably small and less than that associated with male.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T02:30:43Z","timestamp":1599791443000},"page":"e035977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Seizure prevalence in children aged up to 3 years: a longitudinal population-based cohort study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5437-314X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Tomioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0290-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kandai","family":"Nozu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Mishina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kobe City Child and Family Bureau, Kobe, 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