{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T18:40:58Z","timestamp":1760812858241,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596672000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-00641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-00641"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012355","name":"United European Gastroenterology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012355","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The public health disorder gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is linked with several comorbidities, including oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), but whether life expectancy is reduced by GORD is uncertain. This study assessed all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in GORD after controlling for confounding by heredity and other factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-based cohort study from 1998 to 2015.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Swedish nationwide study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twins (n=40\u2009961) born in 1958 or earlier in Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Exposure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GORD symptoms reported in structured computer-assisted telephone interviews.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and the secondary outcome was cancer-specific mortality among twins with GORD and twins without GORD. HRs and 95% CIs were analysed using parametric survival models, both in individual twin analyses and co-twin pair analyses, with adjustment for body mass index, smoking, education and comorbidity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 40\u2009961 individual twins, 5812 (14.2%) had GORD at baseline and 8062 (19.7%) died during follow-up of up to 16 years. The risks of all-cause mortality (HR=1.00, 95%\u2009CI: 0.94\u20131.07) and cancer-specific mortality (HR=0.99, 95%\u2009CI: 0.89\u20131.10) were not increased in individual twins with GORD compared with individual twins without GORD. Similarly, there were no differences in mortality outcomes in within-pair analyses. The OAC-specific mortality rate was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.32\u20130.66) per 1000 person-years in individual twins with GORD and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.18\u20130.27) per 1000 person-years without GORD, rendering an adjusted HR of 2.01 (95% CI: 1.35\u20132.98).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GORD did not increase all-cause or cancer-specific mortality when taking heredity and other confounders into account. The increased relative risk of mortality in OAC was low in absolute numbers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]],"date-time":"2020-08-07T02:06:14Z","timestamp":1596765974000},"page":"e037456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mortality in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in a population-based nationwide cohort study of Swedish twins"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6005-0729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eivind","family":"Ness-Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Upper Gastrointestinal Research, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 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