{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T22:35:41Z","timestamp":1787178941372,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Think Tank of Public Health Security and Health Reform of Heilongjiang Province"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Grant No.2015M570211, 2016T90181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.2015M570211, 2016T90181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Centre of Social Risks Governance in Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.71273002, 71473064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.71273002, 71473064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Heilongjiang Provincial Association of Social Sciences","award":["Grant No.15058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.15058"]}]},{"name":"New Century Excellent Talents of University from the Ministry of Education, China","award":["Grant No.1252-NCET02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.1252-NCET02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study is to examine workplace violence (WPV) towards healthcare professionals in a multiethnic area in China, including prevalence, influencing factors, healthcare professionals\u2019 response to WPV, expected antiviolence training measures and content, and evaluation of WPV interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A grade III, class A hospital in the capital of Yunnan Province, which is the province with the most diverse ethnic minority groups in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 2036 healthcare professionals participated, with a response rate of 83.79%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of physical and psychological violence was 5.5% and 43.7%, respectively. Healthcare professionals of ethnic minority were more likely to experience psychological violence (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.05). Stratified by gender, male healthcare professionals of ethnic minority suffered from more physical violence (OR=3.31, 95% CI 1.12 to 9.79), while female healthcare professionals suffered from psychological violence (OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.36). We also found a unique work situation in China: overtime duty on-call work (18:00\u201307:00) was a risk factor for psychological violence (OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.93). Healthcare professionals of ethnic minority are less likely to order perpetrators to stop or to report to superiors when faced with psychological violence. They are also more interested in receiving training in force skills and self-defence. Both Han and ethnic minority participants considered security measures as the most useful intervention, while changing the time of shift the most useless one.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study comprehensively described WPV towards healthcare professionals in a multiethnic minority area. More research on WPV conducted in multiethnic areas is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T13:04:03Z","timestamp":1599656643000},"page":"e037464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Workplace violence against healthcare professionals in a multiethnic area: a cross-sectional study in southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8082-1030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haonan","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Affairs, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiying","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"President\u2019s Office, Qingdao Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruohui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"},{"name":"Department of Human Resources, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7405-5571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingli","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"},{"name":"Institue of Quantitative & Technological Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gangyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yameng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, No 1 People\u2019s Hospital of Heihe, Heihe, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, No 1 People\u2019s Hospital of Heihe, Heihe, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar Yacouba","family":"Ismael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingfu","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Resource Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qunhong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062608012706000_10.9.e037464.1","unstructured":"WHO . 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