{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:39:19Z","timestamp":1787017159658,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]],"date-time":"2020-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606003200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01GY1605"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GY1605"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Having more information about the biopsychosocial functioning of their geriatric patients might help physicians better balance medical interventions according to patients\u2019 needs. For this reason, we aimed to develop an easy-to-handle International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for community-dwelling geriatric patients aged 75 and older in primary care. In this empirical study, we describe the functioning and health of community-dwelling patients aged 75 and older in primary care in Germany and identify the most common problems encountered by these individuals when using the ICF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this exploratory, cross-sectional study, a health professional conducted semi-structured interviews.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community-dwelling older adults aged 75 and older in Germany.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>65 participants (mean age=80.2, SD=3.6).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extended ICF Checklist V.2.1a, patients prioritised chapters of the \u2018activities and participation\u2019 component.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The three most common impairments for \u2018body functions\u2019 were\n                      <jats:italic>visual system functions<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ICF-code\n                      <jats:italic>b210<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; 89%),\n                      <jats:italic>blood pressure functions<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>b420<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; 80%) and\n                      <jats:italic>sensations associated with hearing and vestibular functions<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>b240; 59%<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). For \u2018body structures\u2019, they were\n                      <jats:italic>eyes, ears and related structures<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>s2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; 81%),\n                      <jats:italic>structure of mouth<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>s320<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; 74%) and\n                      <jats:italic>structures related to the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>s5<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; 49%). For the \u2018activities and participation\u2019 component, adequate aids compensated for activity limitations to a certain degree. Still, after having adequate aids, the category in which the participants had the most difficulty was\n                      <jats:italic>walking<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>d450;<\/jats:italic>\n                      35%). Participants rated the \u2018mobility\u2019 chapter as the most important of all chapters. \u2018Environmental factors\u2019 were facilitators of participants\u2019 functioning.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This empirical study provides a list of ICF categories relevant to older adults from the clinical perspective. Along with lists from the other three preparatory studies, it will form the basis for the development of an ICF Core Set for community-dwelling older adults in primary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration details<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT03384732\">NCT03384732<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T03:37:12Z","timestamp":1606189032000},"page":"e038434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Laying the foundation for an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for community-dwelling elderly adults in primary care: the clinical perspective identified in a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03384732","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7120-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Book","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gudrun","family":"Ulbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Tomandl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kuehlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susann","family":"Gotthardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Freiberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmar","family":"Graessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121222515201000_10.11.e038434.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.01.001"},{"key":"2025121222515201000_10.11.e038434.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp10X514756"},{"key":"2025121222515201000_10.11.e038434.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4681"},{"key":"2025121222515201000_10.11.e038434.4","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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