{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:45:51Z","timestamp":1764996351386,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CFRPG6J0071","CMRPG6J0201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFRPG6J0071","CMRPG6J0201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with uremia are prone to infection; however, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as a risk factor for acute epiglottitis warrants study. We investigated the risk of severe epiglottitis requiring hospitalisation in patients with ESRD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study by using the claims data of Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance Research Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified an ESRD cohort with 87 908 patients newly diagnosed in 2000\u20132013 and underwent dialysis. The non-ESRD cohort comprised patients who had not received a diagnosis of ESRD, and they were matches to the ESRD cohort (1:1) by sex, age, residence urbanisation level, monthly income, and diabetes and hypertension status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cumulative incidence of epiglottitis at the end of 2013 was analysed with Kaplan-Meier methods and log-rank tests. The HR of epiglottitis was calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for confounding factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall epiglottitis incidence rate was 94% greater in the ESRD cohort than in the non-ESRD cohort (10.3 vs 5.3 cases per 100 000 person-years, p=0.002), with an adjusted HR of 1.89 (95% CI: 1.23 to 2.91, p=0.004). In the log-rank analysis, compared with the non-ESRD group, the epiglottitis cumulative incidence was significantly higher in the ESRD group (p=0.003). Epiglottitis did not exhibit an association with higher rates of airway interventions, intensive care unit admissions or longer hospitalisation in patients with ESRD than in controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide matched cohort study indicated that ESRD patients should be monitored for the risk of severe epiglottitis requiring hospitalisation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T03:20:46Z","timestamp":1604460046000},"page":"e038683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["End-stage renal disease as a risk factor for epiglottitis: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yao-Te","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Shao","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Ming","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ku-Hao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ethan I","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao-Hsu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5939-9747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geng-He","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120520261723000_10.11.e038683.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199036","article-title":"Risk of acute epiglottitis in patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus: a population-based case-control 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