{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:20:14Z","timestamp":1787829614081,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601337600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["16K21697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16K21697"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Research on Policy Planning and Evaluation from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare in Japan","award":["20AA2005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20AA2005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To verify the associations between participation in an in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme and clinical outcomes among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study using the Japanese administrative claims database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Japanese acute-care hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients aged \u226518 years who underwent PCI due to AMI and survived to discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcomes were revascularisation, all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission (median follow-up period: 324 days, 236 days and 263 days, respectively). The secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality (median follow-up period: both were 460 days).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data of 13\u2009697 patients were extracted from the database, and 65.4% of them participated in an in-hospital CR. The risks of revascularisation, all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission among CR participants were compared with those of non-participants using two statistical techniques: matched-pair analysis based on propensity score and a 30-day landmark analysis. The results of those analysis were consistent and showed that the CR participants had lower risk of revascularisation (adjusted HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.84), all-cause readmission (HR: 0.81; 95%\u2009CI: 0.74 to 0.88) and cardiac readmission (HR: 0.77; 95%\u2009CI: 0.70 to 0.85). However, all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality were not associated with participation in the CR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was suggested that in-hospital CR participation may reduce the risk of revascularisation, all-cause readmission and cardiac readmission among patients with AMI after PCI. In-hospital CR may expand the potential benefits of CR in addition to outpatient CR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T17:39:31Z","timestamp":1601401171000},"page":"e039096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["In-hospital cardiac rehabilitation and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4405-4719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natsuko","family":"Kanazawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization, Meguro, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Division, Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyohide","family":"Fushimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization, Meguro, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global health estimates 2016: deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000-2016, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/en\/ [Accessed 13 Jul 2020]."},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000558"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu505"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.01.009"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.5","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease","author":"Heran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.6","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393","article-title":"2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the task force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of cardiology (ESC)","volume":"39","author":"Ibanez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182742cf6"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-66-0094"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-19-0133","article-title":"JCS 2018 guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome","volume":"83","author":"Kimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.11","article-title":"Secondary prevention through comprehensive cardiovascular rehabilitation: from knowledge to implementation. 2020 update. A position paper from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European association of preventive cardiology","author":"Ambrosetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.983536"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.066738"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-013-0339-9","article-title":"Impact of aging on the clinical outcomes of Japanese patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"29","author":"Kaneko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215510376006"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.09.036"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2444"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007991003604216"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.19","first-page":"27","article-title":"Development and use of the Japanese case-mix system","volume":"14","author":"Matsuda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eurohealth"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.20","unstructured":"STROBE Statement . Institute of social and preventive medicine, 2009. Available: https:\/\/www.strobe-statement.org\/index.php?id=strobe-home [Accessed 22 Jan 2020]."},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.21","unstructured":"Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare . Ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/file\/06-Seisakujouhou-10600000-Daijinkanboukouseikagakuka\/0000080278.pdf [Accessed 22 Jan 2020]."},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.08.001","article-title":"Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation among older patients after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"170","author":"Doll","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1983.1.11.710","article-title":"Analysis of survival by tumor response","volume":"1","author":"Anderson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-13-1590","article-title":"Safety of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation and exercise testing for cardiac patients in Japan: a nationwide survey","volume":"78","author":"Saito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.02.008"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000229","article-title":"Improved oxygen uptake efficiency slope in acute myocardial infarction patients after early phase I cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"40","author":"Tsai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638280903483893"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3181b332a1"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.01.078"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-303022"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876383"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2013.12.001","article-title":"Current state of cardiac rehabilitation in Japan","volume":"56","author":"Goto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026062608034314000_10.9.e039096.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-1260","article-title":"Underuse of cardiac rehabilitation in workers with coronary artery disease\u3000- claims database survey in Japan","volume":"81","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ J"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T15:19:24Z","timestamp":1782487164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039096","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}