{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:55:55Z","timestamp":1792083355490,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605744000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007279","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GWTD2015S05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GWTD2015S05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81361120385"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81361120385"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Science & Technology","award":["2017-2886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-2886"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HIV epidemic is around 7%\u201320% among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Southwest China. The low HIV-testing rate highlights the need for tools to identify high-risk MSM in resource-limited regions. Our aim was, therefore, to evaluate the HIV RISK Assessment Tool for HIV prediction and to characterise the primary infection among MSM in Southwest China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Guizhou province between January and December 2018. Participants were recruited from gay communities, among whom the HIV RISK Assessment Tool was evaluated. Logistic regression was used to analyse items associated with HIV and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating curve was calculated to quantify discrimination performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1330 MSM participants, of which 83 (6.2%) tested as HIV positive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A higher composite score of the tool (adjusted OR (aOR) 9.33, 95%\u2009CI 4.57 to 19.05) was independently associated with HIV infection. Items positively associated with HIV infection included having 2\u20135 same sex partners (aOR 2.43, 95%\u2009CI 1.28 to 4.64), always (aOR 5.93, 95%\u2009CI 1.59 to 22.13) or sometimes (aOR 4.25, 95%\u2009CI 2.09 to 8.64) having unprotected anal intercourse, taking both insertive and receptive sex roles (aOR 4.95, 95%\u2009CI 2.57 to 9.53) or only the receptive sex role (aOR 2.26, 95%\u2009CI 1.21 to 4.24). The tool showed an optimal discrimination ability (AUC=0.827), with a specificity of 0.747 and sensitivity of 0.785. Five MSM were identified with primary infection and had similar sexual risk behaviors as HIV-positive participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HIV RISK Assessment Tool showed an overall good performance in predicting HIV risk among MSM in Guizhou province where the prevalence is still severe. This tool also demonstrated a potential to identify primary infection and is worth being promoted in resource-limited regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T03:18:35Z","timestamp":1605842315000},"page":"e039557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Risk assessment and identification of HIV infection among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongming","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8178-9776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqiong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121514024992000_10.11.e039557.1","unstructured":"UNAIDS China\u2019s epidemic and response. 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