{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:10:01Z","timestamp":1785222601441,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effectiveness of two acute burn dressings, Burnaid hydrogel dressing and plasticised polyvinylchloride film, on reducing acute pain scores in paediatric burn patients following appropriate first aid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single-centre, superiority, two-arm, parallel-group, prospective randomised controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants and setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paediatric patients (aged \u226416) presenting to the Emergency Department at the Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, with an acute thermal burn were approached for participation in the trial from September 2017\u2013September 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were randomised to receive either (1) Burnaid hydrogel dressing (intervention) or (2) plasticised polyvinylchloride film (Control) as an acute burn dressing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Primary and secondary outcomes<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational pain scores from nursing staff assessed 5\u2009min post application of the randomised dressing, measured using the Face Legs Activity Cry and Consolability Scale was the primary outcome. Repeated measures of pain, stress and re-epithelialisation were also collected at follow-up dressing changes until 95% wound re-epithelialisation occurred.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy-two children were recruited and randomised (n=37 intervention; n=35 control). No significant between-group differences in nursing (mean difference: \u22120.1, 95%\u2009CI \u22120.7 to 0.5, p=0.72) or caregiver (MD: 1, 95%\u2009CI \u22128 to 11, p=0.78) observational pain scores were identified. Moreover, no significant differences in child self-report pain (MD: 0.3, 95%\u2009CI \u22121.7 to 2.2, p=0.78), heart rate (MD: \u22123, 95%\u2009CI \u221211 to 5, p=0.41), temperature (MD: 0.6, 95%\u2009CI \u22120.13 to 0.24, p=0.53), stress (geometric mean ratio: 1.53, 95%\u2009CI 0.93 to 2.53, p=0.10), or re-epithelialisation rates (MD: \u22121, 95%\u2009CI \u22123 to 1, p=0.26) were identified between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A clear benefit of Burnaid hydrogel dressing as an analgesic adjunct to first aid for the treatment of acute paediatric burns was not identified in this investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title><jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12617001274369).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T19:37:39Z","timestamp":1609875459000},"page":"e039981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effectiveness of a hydrogel dressing as an analgesic adjunct to first aid for the treatment of acute paediatric burn injuries: a prospective randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9902-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maleea Denise","family":"Holbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy M","family":"Kimble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Chatfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronwyn R","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2012.08.004","article-title":"Paediatric pain assessment and management in the emergency setting: the impact of a paediatric pain bundle","volume":"21","author":"Scott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2007.02.426"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx228","article-title":"Burn pain: a systematic and critical review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"19","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2013.11.024","article-title":"Play and heal: randomized controlled trial of Ditto\u2122 intervention efficacy on improving re-epithelialization in pediatric burns","volume":"40","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751-8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2013.09.027","article-title":"Predictors of re-epithelialization in pediatric burn","volume":"40","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2011.02431.x"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001389"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2002.02004.x","article-title":"Chronic persistent pain after severe burns: a survey of 358 burn survivors","volume":"3","author":"Dauber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.9","first-page":"423.e1","article-title":"Do school-aged children with burn injuries during infancy show stress-induced activation of pain inhibitory mechanisms?","volume":"15","author":"Wollgarten-Hadamek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2009.08.002","article-title":"The optimal duration and delay of first aid treatment for deep partial thickness burn injuries","volume":"36","author":"Cuttle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181855c9a"},{"key":"2021010508551338000_11.1.e039981.12","unstructured":"The Australian and New Zealand Burn Association . 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