{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T14:56:37Z","timestamp":1781708197673,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wellington Doctoral Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Herpes zoster (HZ) and associated complications inflict substantial morbidity and associated healthcare and socioeconomic burdens. Current treatments are not fully effective, especially among the most vulnerable populations. Two HZ vaccines are available and are part of the national immunisation programmes in many countries. This review will evaluate the effectiveness of zoster vaccines against incident HZ and postherpetic neuralgia in adults 50 years and older.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The key information sources that will be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane libraries and CINAHL. This search will consider postlicensure observational studies published in all languages between 2006 and 2020 that assessed the effectiveness of HZ\/zoster vaccines in adults 50 years and older. The identification of studies will be complemented with the search of reference lists and citations, and contact with authors of papers to request missing or additional data, where required. Following the search, all identified citations will be collated, and duplicates will be removed. Titles and abstracts will then be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria for the review. Selected studies will follow the process of critical appraisal, data extraction and data synthesis. Statistical analyses will be performed using a random-effect model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title><jats:p>Formal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. The review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T16:07:36Z","timestamp":1614096456000},"page":"e040964","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Postlicensure herpes zoster vaccine effectiveness: systematic review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1985-6303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James F","family":"Mbinta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binh P","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prosper Mandela A","family":"Awuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E","family":"Eme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin R","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021022307552469000_11.2.e040964.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2147\/ITT.S176383","article-title":"Varicella zoster virus vaccines: an update","volume":"8","author":"Gabutti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunotargets Ther"},{"key":"2021022307552469000_11.2.e040964.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15016","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.16","article-title":"Varicella zoster virus infection","volume":"1","author":"Gershon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2021022307552469000_11.2.e040964.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1099"},{"key":"2021022307552469000_11.2.e040964.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abendroth A , Arvin AM , Moffat JF . 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