{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T16:43:04Z","timestamp":1780936984745,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607472000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["COV20\/00852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COV20\/00852"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate possible relationships between pre-existing medical conditions (including common comorbidities and chronic medications) and risk for suffering COVID-19 disease in middle-aged and older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve primary care centres (PCCs) in Tarragona (Spain).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>79\u2009083 people (77\u2009676 community-dwelling and 1407 nursing-home residents), who were all individuals aged &gt;50 years affiliated to the 12 participating PCCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline cohort characteristics (age, sex, vaccinations, comorbidities and chronic medications) were established at study start (1st. March 2020) and primary outcome was time to COVID-19 confirmed by PCR among cohort members throughout the epidemic period (from 1st. March 2020 to 23rd. May 2020). Risk for suffering COVID-19 was evaluated by Cox regression, estimating multivariable HRs adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities and medications use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study period, 2324 cohort members were PCR-tested, with 1944 negative and 380 positive results, which means an incidence of 480.5 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases per 100\u2009000 persons-period. Assessing the total study cohort, only age (HR 1.02; 95%\u2009CI 1.01 to 1.03; p=0.002), nursing-home residence (HR 21.83; 95%\u2009CI 16.66 to 28.61; p&lt;0.001) and receiving diuretics (HR 1.35; 95%\u2009CI 1.04 to 1.76; p=0.026) appeared independently associated with increased risk. Smoking (HR 0.62; 95%\u2009CI 0.41 to 0.93; p=0.022), ACE inhibitors (HR 0.68; 95%\u2009CI 0.47 to 0.99; p=0.046) and antihistamine (HR 0.47; 95%\u2009CI 0.22 to 1.01; p=0.052) were associated with a lower risk. Among community-dwelling individuals, cancer (HR 1.52; 95%\u2009CI 1.03 to 2.24; p=0.035), chronic respiratory disease (HR 1.82; 95%\u2009CI 1.08 to 3.07; p=0.025) and cardiac disease (HR 1.53; 95%\u2009CI 1.06 to 2.19; p=0.021) emerged to be also associated with an increased risk. Receiving ACE inhibitors (HR 0.66; 95%\u2009CI 0.44 to 0.99; p=0.046) and influenza vaccination (HR 0.63; 95%\u2009CI 0.44 to 0.91; p=0.012) was associated with decreased risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age, nursing-home residence and multiple comorbidities appear predisposing for COVID-19. Conversely, receiving ACE inhibitors, antihistamine and influenza vaccination could be protective, which should be closely investigated in further studies specifically focused on these concerns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T09:08:03Z","timestamp":1607591283000},"page":"e041577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Influence of prior comorbidities and chronic medications use on the risk of COVID-19 in adults: a population-based cohort study in Tarragona, Spain"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Angel","family":"Vila-C\u00f3rcoles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Healthcare Service Camp de Tarragona, Institut Catala de la Salut (ICS), Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat de Suport a la recerca Camp de Tarragona-Reus, IDIAP 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