{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:36:21Z","timestamp":1790217381969,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82074169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82074169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Hygiene & Health Appropriated Technology and Promoting Project of Guangdong Province","award":["202006130025341204\uff1b201905270933056876"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202006130025341204\uff1b201905270933056876"]}]},{"name":"Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province of China","award":["20202045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20202045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the effects of the intraocular injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs on the refractive status of infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review and meta-analysis of the refractive status of infants with ROP who receive anti-VEGF drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases and the ClinicalTrials.gov website were searched up to June 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Eligibility criteria when selecting studies<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that compared refractive errors between anti-VEGF drug and laser therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data extraction and synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were conducted by two independent reviewers. We used a random-effect model to pool outcomes. The outcome measures were the spherical equivalents, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirteen studies involving 1850 eyes were assessed: 914 in the anti-VEGF drug group, and 936 in the control (laser) group. Children who received anti-VEGF drug treatment had less myopia than those who received laser therapy (mean difference=1.80 D, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.63, p\uff1c0.0001, I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =78%). The AL, ACD and LT did not reach statistical significance difference between the two groups. The current evidence indicates that the refractive safety in children with ROP is better for anti-VEGF drug treatment than for laser therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis indicates that anti-VEGF drug therapy results in less myopia compared with laser therapy. However, there are relatively few published articles on refractive errors in ROP, and so high-quality and powerful RCTs are needed in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42020160673.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T14:36:00Z","timestamp":1612967760000},"page":"e042384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Refractive outcomes after intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor versus laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Qihang","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai-kit","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9146-1715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue-Song","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Changsha Academician Expert Workstation, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-007-9066-0"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.2","first-page":"56","article-title":"Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity--Use of Anti-VEGF Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Tran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18043\/ncm.78.2.124"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60178-6"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65004-3"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.6","article-title":"Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"1","author":"Sankar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e744","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13069","article-title":"The German ROP registry: data from 90 infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"94","author":"Walz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20160419-16","article-title":"Current practice patterns for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"47","author":"Tawse","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.12.025","article-title":"Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for primary treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity: a report by the American Academy of ophthalmology","volume":"124","author":"VanderVeen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2018.0011","article-title":"Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: efficacy, safety, and anatomical outcomes","volume":"32","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2016.1264607","article-title":"Comparison of intravitreal bevacizumab, intravitreal ranibizumab and laser photocoagulation for treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity in Turkish preterm children","volume":"42","author":"Kabata\u015f","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"2025121602041603000_11.2.e042384.13","unstructured":"Wells GA SD , O'Connell D , Peterson J . 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