{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T04:34:26Z","timestamp":1769229266030,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participation in breast cancer screening (BCS) varies at the small-area level, which may reflect environmental influences. This study assessed small-area variation in BCS invitation response rates (IRRs) and associations between small-area BCS IRR, sociodemographic factors, BCS venue distance and venue location features in Greater Sydney, Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>BCS IRR data for 2011\u20132012 were compiled for 9528 Australian Bureau of Statistics Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) units (n=227\u2009474 women). A geographial information system was used to extract SA1-level sociodemographic features (proportions of women speaking English at home, full-time employed and university educated, and proportion of dwellings with motor vehicles), SA1-level distance to closest venue(s) (expressed as quartiles), and closest venue(s) colocated with bus stops, train station, hospital, general practitioner and shops. Associations between area-level features, BCS venue distance, venue location features and IRR were estimated using ordinary least square-type spatial lag models including area education as a covariate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>BCS IRR varied across SA1s (mean=59.8%, range: 0%\u2013100%), with notable spatial autocorrelation (Moran\u2019s I=0.803). BCS IRR was positively associated with greater SA1-level proportion of women speaking English at home (\u03b2=2.283, 95% CI 2.024 to 2.543), women\u2019s education (in the model including speaking English at home \u03b2=0.454, 95%\u2009CI 0.211 to 0.697), dwellings with motor vehicles (\u03b2=1.836, 95%\u2009CI 1.594 to 2.078), greater distance to venue (eg, most distant quartile compared with closest: \u03b2=6.249, 95%\u2009CI 5.489 to 7.008), and BCS venue colocated with shops (\u03b2=0.762, 95%\u2009CI 0.273 to 1.251). Greater SA1-level women employment (\u03b2=\u22120.613, 95%\u2009CI \u22120.898 to \u22120.328) and venue colocated with train station (\u03b2=\u22121.889, 95%\u2009CI \u22122.376 to \u22121.402) or hospital (\u03b2=\u22120.677, 95%\u2009CI \u22121.164 to \u22120.189) were inversely related to BCS IRR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Small-area variation in BCS IRR exists for Greater Sydney and is strongly related to sociodemographic factors that, together with BCS venue location features, could inform targeted attempts to improve IRR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-043853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T18:29:45Z","timestamp":1618511385000},"page":"e043853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Residential area and screening venue location features associated with spatial variation in breast cancer screening invitation response rates: an observational study in Greater Sydney, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3029-6303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jahidur Rahman","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne Jane","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Warner-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6442-4409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Roder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021071522250841000_11.4.e043853.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"2021071522250841000_11.4.e043853.2","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . 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