{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T03:28:05Z","timestamp":1791689285522,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Introducing primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing to cervical screening programmes means changes to the results women receive. We explored additional information needs among women undergoing HPV primary screening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women were sent a postal questionnaire shortly after receiving their results and 6 and 12 months later. Each questionnaire asked if women had any unanswered questions about cervical screening or HPV testing. Free-text responses constituted the data. Themes were identified using content analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>National Health Service (NHS) Cervical Screening Programme, England.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>381 women who recorded one or more free-text responses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The most common theme represented women\u2019s emotional responses and attempts to understand their results. This theme was raised by 45% of women overall, but was as high as 59% in the HPV cleared group. General questions about the cause and epidemiology of HPV were raised by 38% of women and were more common among those testing HPV positive with normal cytology (52%). Questions about the purpose and procedure for HPV testing were most common among HPV-negative women (40%, compared with 16%\u201324% of the other results groups). Questions about future implications of test results were raised by 19% of women, and this theme was most common among those with persistent HPV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite provision of information alongside screening invitations, women can still have unanswered questions following receipt of their results. Details about the epidemiology of HPV and why cervical screening procedures are changing should be included with screening invitations. Some results groups may benefit from additional tailored information with their results letter.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T18:41:20Z","timestamp":1608144080000},"page":"e044630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Information needs among women taking part in primary HPV screening in England: a content analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1709-2397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Marlow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9933-7919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice S","family":"Forster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"McBride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Rockliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Kitchener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4025-9132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq562"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30579","article-title":"Eurogin 2016 roadmap: how HPV knowledge is changing screening practice","volume":"140","author":"Wentzensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31261"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta13320"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I240","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l240","article-title":"Primary cervical screening with highrisk human papillomavirus testing: observational study","volume":"364","author":"Rebolj","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.11.075","article-title":"Age-specific HPV prevalence among 116,052 women in Australia\u2019s renewed cervical screening program: A new tool for monitoring vaccine impact","volume":"37","author":"Brotherton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602312","article-title":"Making sense of information about HPV in cervical screening: a qualitative study","volume":"92","author":"Waller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600686"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4694","article-title":"HPV primary cervical screening in England: Women\u2019s awareness and attitudes","volume":"27","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.256"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7070","article-title":"Understanding Patients\u2019 Perspectives and Information Needs Following a Positive Home Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kit Result","volume":"28","author":"Tiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Women's Health"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32540","article-title":"Anxiety and distress following receipt of results from routine HPV primary testing in cervical screening: the psychological impact of primary screening (PIPs) study","volume":"146","author":"McBride","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014356","article-title":"Psychological impact of primary screening (PIPs) for HPV: a protocol for a cross-sectional evaluation within the NHS cervical screening programme","volume":"6","author":"McBride","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-4046(06)60097-3"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.16","unstructured":"Leventhal H , Meyer D , Nerenz D . The common sense representation of illness danger. In: Rachman S , ed. Contributions to medical psychology. New York: Pergamon Press, 1980: 7\u201330."},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1783\/147118909787072432"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32067","article-title":"Psychological effect of cervical cancer screening when changing primary screening method from cytology to high\u2010risk human papilloma virus testing","volume":"145","author":"Andreassen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2025101811101596000_10.12.e044630.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17061\/phrp2921914","article-title":"Lessons from the renewal of the National cervical screening program in Australia","volume":"29","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Res Pract"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T18:10:25Z","timestamp":1760811025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044630","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}