{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:00:30Z","timestamp":1790744430796,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme","award":["875160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["875160"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence of burn-out syndrome in healthcare workers working on the front line (FL) in Spain during COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional, online survey-based study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Settings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sampling was performed between 21st April and 3rd May 2020. The survey collected demographic data and questions regarding participants\u2019 working position since pandemic outbreak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spanish healthcare workers working on the FL or usual ward were eligible. A total of 674 healthcare professionals answered the survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcomes and measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Burn-out syndrome was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Medical Personnel.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 643 eligible responding participants, 408 (63.5%) were physicians, 172 (26.8%) were nurses and 63 (9.8%) other technical occupations. 377 (58.6%) worked on the FL. Most participants were women (472 (73.4%)), aged 31\u201340 years (163 (25.3%)) and worked in tertiary hospitals (&gt;600 beds) (260 (40.4%)). Prevalence of burn-out syndrome was 43.4% (95% CI 39.5% to 47.2%), higher in COVID-19 FL workers (49.6%, p&lt;0.001) than in non- COVID-19 FL workers (34.6%, p&lt;0.001). Women felt more burn-out (60.8%, p=0.016), were more afraid of self-infection (61.9%, p=0.021) and of their performance and quality of care provided to the patients (75.8%, p=0.015) than men. More burn-out were those between 20 and 30 years old (65.2%, p=0.026) and those with more than 15 years of experience (53.7%, p=0.035).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that, working on COVID-19 FL (OR 1.93; 95%\u2009CI 1.37 to 2.71, p&lt;0.001), being a woman (OR 1.56; 95%\u2009CI 1.06 to 2.29, p=0.022), being under 30 years old (OR 1.75; 95%\u2009CI 1.06 to 2.89, p=0.028) and being a physician (OR 1.64; 95%\u2009CI 1.11 to 2.41, p=0.011) were associated with high risk of burn-out syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This survey study of healthcare professionals reported high rates of burn-out syndrome. Interventions to promote mental well-being in healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 need to be immediately implemented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T11:18:11Z","timestamp":1614165491000},"page":"e044945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["To burn-out or not to burn-out: a cross-sectional study in healthcare professionals in Spain during COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8791-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Torrente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3814-6331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro AC","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao","family":"Pimentao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Royuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana; CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Collazo-Lorduy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernestina","family":"Menasalvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Biomedical Technology, Polit\u00e9cnica University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Provencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121511551436000_11.2.e044945.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2002125","article-title":"Defining the Epidemiology of Covid-19 - Studies Needed","volume":"382","author":"Lipsitch","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025121511551436000_11.2.e044945.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.15698\/cst2020.04.216","article-title":"Coronavirus infections: epidemiological, clinical and immunological features and hypotheses","volume":"4","author":"Raoult","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Stress"},{"key":"2025121511551436000_11.2.e044945.3","unstructured":"COVID-19 Map - Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. 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