{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T06:10:32Z","timestamp":1773900632354,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631145600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health disorder, particularly depression, is one of the leading causes of \u2018disease related disability\u2019 in women that both affects the women but has adverse effect on their children. This can have an impact on mothers\u2019 capacity of child care which ultimately increases the risk of infection, malnutrition, impaired growth and behavioural problems in children that might extend to adulthood too. Diminished child growth has an irreversible effect both short and long terms, affecting physical growth, brain development, performance in education, working capacity and increased risks to non-communicable diseases. To date, the reviews conducted are only limited to few countries or maternal depression or certain age group of children. Our aim is to provide a global perspective focusing on all early childhood undernutrition (under 5 years) and to see if the association between maternal mental health and child undernutrition has yielded similar or different result. Furthermore, we intend to explore the risk factors associated with copresence of maternal mental health issues and undernutrition in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Global Health Library Relevant reports from the WHO, United Nations of Children Education Fund and organisations working in maternal and child health will also be searched. Database of systematic reviews and database of abstracts of reviews of effects will also be searched for relevant literature. Papers published from 1995 to 2020 in English will be included. Title, abstract or both will be screened independently by reviewers. For data analysis and synthesis, we will present all the outcomes mentioned in the studies and a subgroup analysis for age and sex will be conducted. This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval is not required to conduct this review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42020189315.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T11:37:24Z","timestamp":1631533044000},"page":"e044989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maternal mental health and infant and young child undernutrition: protocol for a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4640-8453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manisha","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2002-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasina","family":"Stacey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Abayomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Padam","family":"Simkhada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Malnutrition, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/malnutrition#tab=tab_1 [Accessed 19 April 2020]."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.2","unstructured":"WHO . Fact sheets - Malnutrition, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/malnutrition [Accessed 14 Sep 2020]."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.3","unstructured":"WHO . Children: improving survival and well-being. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/children-reducing-mortality [Accessed 18 Sep 2020]."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1111\/dech.12332","article-title":"Global nutrition report: towards a global governance in nutrition","volume":"48","author":"Sathyamala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Change"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pelletier DL , Frongillo EA . Community and international nutrition changes in child survival are strongly associated with changes in malnutrition in developing countries 1,2, 2003. Available: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article\/133\/1\/107\/4687624 [Accessed 8 Feb 2021].","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.1.107"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1590\/S0021-75572010000300009","article-title":"Association between malnutrition in children living in slums, maternal nutritional status, and environmental factors","volume":"86","author":"Silveira","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonsson U . Hunger and society the causes of hunger hunger as a pressing global problem of human survival, 1981.","DOI":"10.1177\/156482658100300206"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.8","unstructured":"UNICEF . The state of the World\u2019s children. Available: https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/media\/84766\/file\/SOWC-1998.pdf"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.91911"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-018-1261-1","article-title":"Maternal depression and child severe acute malnutrition: a case-control study from Kenya","volume":"18","author":"Haithar","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v1.i4.20","article-title":"Maternal mental disorders in pregnancy and the puerperium and risks to infant health","volume":"1","author":"Pereira","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.12","unstructured":"WHO . Mental health and substance use. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/mental-health-and-substance-use\/maternal-mental-health [Accessed 19 May 2020]."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.04.010","article-title":"Poverty and mental health: towards a research agenda for low and middle-income countries. commentary on Tampubolon and Hanandita (2014)","volume":"111","author":"Lund","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61238-0"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340601110812"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1074-3","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among post-partum mothers in Nepal","volume":"8","author":"Giri","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215735","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression within one year after birth in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh","volume":"14","author":"Azad","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.6.499"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.4236\/ojd.2013.24013","article-title":"Preterm birth a risk factor for postpartum depression in Pakistani women","volume":"02","author":"Gulamani","year":"2013","journal-title":"OJD"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.11.018"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar R . Postnatal mental illness: a transcultural perspective. Springer-Verlag, 1994.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00802048"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2644-y","article-title":"Maternal depression and malnutrition in children in Southwest Uganda: a case control study","volume":"15","author":"Ashaba","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.039180"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61400-2"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.9.946"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12621","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12621","article-title":"Maternal depressive symptoms are negatively associated with child growth and development: evidence from rural India","volume":"14","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013001043"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-32"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.29","first-page":"607","article-title":"Depresi\u00f3n materna Y crecimiento durante La primera infancia en Los pa\u00edses en v\u00edas de desarrollo: Revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica Y metaan\u00e1lisis","volume":"89","author":"Surkan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.05.013"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.31","unstructured":"UNICEF . The first 1,000 days of life: The brain\u2019s window of opportunity. Available: https:\/\/www.unicef-irc.org\/article\/958-the-first-1000-days-of-life-the-brains-window-of-opportunity.html"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7443.820"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12934","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12934","article-title":"Maternal depression is associated with child undernutrition: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Anato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03092-7"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hurley KM , Surkan PJ , Black MM . Maternal depression and child growth in developing countries: A focus on the postnatal period. In: Handbook of growth and growth monitoring in health and disease. Springer New York, 2012: 2023\u201346.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1795-9_123"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr047"},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.38","unstructured":"WHO . Depression and other common mental disorders global health estimates, 2017."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.39","unstructured":"UN . UN documents gathering a body of global agreements plan of action for implementing the world Declaration on the survival, protection and development of children in the 1990s plan of action for implementing the world Declaration on the survival, protection, 1990."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.40","unstructured":"R R . Heterogeneity and subgroup analyses in Cochrane consumers and communication group reviews: planning the analysis at protocol stage, 2016."},{"key":"2025121411315784000_11.9.e044989.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T19:32:05Z","timestamp":1765740725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044989","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}}}