{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:36:13Z","timestamp":1787016973988,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002429","name":"Amgen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hip fractures are associated with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Globally, there is wide variation in the incidence of hip fracture in people aged 50 years and older. Longitudinal and cross-geographical comparisons of health data can provide insights on aetiology, risk factors, and healthcare practices. However, systematic reviews of studies that use different methods and study periods do not permit direct comparison across geographical regions. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate global secular trends in hip fracture incidence, mortality and use of postfracture pharmacological treatment across Asia, Oceania, North and South America, and Western and Northern Europe using a unified methodology applied to health records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study will use a common protocol and an analytical common data model approach to examine incidence of hip fracture across population-based databases in different geographical regions and healthcare settings. The study period will be from 2005 to 2018 subject to data availability in study sites. Patients aged 50 years and older and hospitalised due to hip fracture during the study period will be included. The primary outcome will be expressed as the annual incidence of hip fracture. Secondary outcomes will be the pharmacological treatment rate and mortality within 12 months following initial hip fracture by year. For the primary outcome, crude and standardised incidence of hip fracture will be reported. Linear regression will be used to test for time trends in the annual incidence. For secondary outcomes, the crude mortality and standardised mortality incidence will be reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Each participating site will follow the relevant local ethics and regulatory frameworks for study approval. The results of the study will be submitted for peer-reviewed scientific publications and presented at scientific conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T12:31:42Z","timestamp":1627475502000},"page":"e047258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Global epidemiology of hip fractures: a study protocol using a common analytical platform among multiple countries"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2180-3676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chor-Wing","family":"Sing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Chieh","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Bartholomew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Simon","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Observational Research, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California, 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Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Lung","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline Y","family":"Doyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Droz-Perroteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bordeaux PharmacoEpi, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganga","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirpa","family":"Hartikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenni","family":"Ilomaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Eol","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas P","family":"Kiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife and Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 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