{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:04:24Z","timestamp":1772496264898,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HL133117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HL133117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL143053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL143053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL153584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL153584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham Walter Frommeyer Jr Fellowship","award":["VISN 7 Research Development Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VISN 7 Research Development Award"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR000445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR000445"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intubation-related complications are less frequent when intubation is successful on the first attempt. The rate of first attempt success in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) is typically less than 90%. The bougie, a semirigid introducer that can be placed into the trachea to facilitate a Seldinger-like technique of tracheal intubation and is typically reserved for difficult or failed intubations, might improve first attempt success. Evidence supporting its use, however, is from a single academic ED with frequent bougie use. Validation of these findings is needed before widespread implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The BOugie or stylet in patients Undergoin\n                      <jats:underline>g<\/jats:underline>\n                      Intubation Emergently trial is a prospective, multicentre, non-blinded randomised trial being conducted in six EDs and six ICUs in the USA. The trial plans to enrol 1106 critically ill adults undergoing orotracheal intubation. Eligible patients are randomised 1:1 for the use of a bougie or use of an endotracheal tube with stylet for the first intubation attempt. The primary outcome is successful intubation on the first attempt. The secondary outcome is severe hypoxaemia, defined as an oxygen saturation less than 80% between induction until 2\u2009min after completion of intubation. Enrolment began on 29 April 2019 and is expected to be completed in 2021.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The trial protocol was approved with waiver of informed consent by the Central Institutional Review Board at Vanderbilt University Medical Center or the local institutional review board at an enrolling site. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" specific-use=\"clinicaltrial pre-results\" xlink:href=\"NCT03928925\">NCT03928925<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T12:37:58Z","timestamp":1621946278000},"page":"e047790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["BOugie or stylet in patients UnderGoing Intubation Emergently (BOUGIE): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03928925","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov","type":"preResults"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7141-0256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Driver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7664-8263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew W","family":"Semler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wesley H","family":"Self","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adit A","family":"Ginde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5475-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal","family":"Gandotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"},{"name":"Pulmonary Section, Birmingham Veteran\"s Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacy A","family":"Trent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lane M","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Gaillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David B","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micah R","family":"Whitson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek J","family":"Vonderhaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary\/Critical Care Medicine, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AM","family":"Joffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of 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