{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:29:14Z","timestamp":1791901754350,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS","award":["21K10229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K10229"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the trend in the number of missing teeth in a Japanese community over a 10-year period and the potential associated explanatory factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based study conducted in 2007, 2012 and 2017 in Japan (Hisayama Study).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residents of a Japanese community aged 40\u201379 years undergoing dental examination in 2007 (n=2665), 2012 (n=2325) and 2017 (n=2285).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of missing teeth, periodontal condition, dental caries experience, dental plaque index and oral health behaviours were evaluated each year. The longitudinal analysis of variation in these factors were assessed using mixed models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted mean number of missing teeth decreased with time (6.80 in 2007, 6.01 in 2012 and 4.99 in 2017). The mean clinical attachment level (CAL), prevalence of periodontitis and dental plaque index decreased over the study period, while dental caries experience slightly increased. The level of oral health behaviour increased over time. Poisson mixed models showed that changes in mean CAL and dental caries experience were positively associated with the change in the number of missing teeth over time. Linear mixed models showed that changes in dental plaque index and no regular dental visit were positively associated with changes in mean CAL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that a decreasing trend regarding the number of missing teeth in Japan might be associated with improvements in the periodontal condition due to changes in oral hygiene level and oral health behaviour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T13:10:00Z","timestamp":1629292200000},"page":"e048114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["10-year trend of tooth loss and associated factors in a Japanese population-based longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7267-857X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiko","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"OBT Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukie","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shino","family":"Suma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Kageyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikari","family":"Asakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daigo","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Shimazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Ninomiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9664-3689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20s","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514537828","article-title":"Global burden of severe tooth loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Kassebaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1999.tb02032.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2004.tb00045.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301190","article-title":"Trends of edentulism among middle-aged and older Asian Americans","volume":"103","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514546165"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.1998.00313.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.7","unstructured":"Japanese Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare . Survey of dental diseases. Available: http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/toukei\/list\/62-17.html [Accessed 20 Feb 2020]."},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.8","first-page":"106","article-title":"The analysis Committee in survey of dental diseases on Japanese Society for oral health. Report of analysis in survey of dental diseases in 2016 (in Japanese)","volume":"68","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Hlth"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv152"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2007.01799.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002424"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2005.00813.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910708600314"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910808700416"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100304","article-title":"Effectiveness of the salivary occult blood test as a screening method for periodontal status","volume":"82","author":"Shimazaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12119"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06990"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/381821","article-title":"Risk factors for reduced salivary flow rate in a Japanese population: the Hisayama study","volume":"2015","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12431","article-title":"Serum antibody to Porphyromonas gingivalis and periodontitis progression: the Hisayama study","volume":"42","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22164"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024332","article-title":"Comparison of the periodontal condition in Korean and Japanese adults: a cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Furuta","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00332-18","article-title":"Tongue microbiota and oral health status in community-dwelling elderly adults","volume":"3","author":"Asakawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20180150","article-title":"Japanese legacy cohort studies: the Hisayama study","volume":"28","author":"Ninomiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.24","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Oral health surveys: basic methods. 5 ed, 2013."},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110664"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.27","first-page":"S173","article-title":"Periodontitis: consensus report of Workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions","volume":"89 Suppl 1","author":"Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.28","first-page":"S159","article-title":"Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition","volume":"89 Suppl 1","author":"Tonetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1967.38.6.610"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19971030)16:20<2349::AID-SIM667>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.31","unstructured":"Japanese Ministory of Health Labour and Welfare . National Health and Nutrition Survey 2020 [cited 2020 February 20]. Available: https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/bunya\/kenkou\/kenkou_eiyou_chousa.html [Accessed 18 Feb 2020]."},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s13340-018-0380-0","article-title":"Trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in a Japanese community, 1988-2012: the Hisayama study","volume":"10","author":"Mukai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetol Int"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2000.028006399.x"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.42010","article-title":"Rationale and descriptive analysis of specific health guidance: the nationwide lifestyle intervention program targeting metabolic syndrome in Japan","volume":"25","author":"Tsushita","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"2025120521232405000_11.8.e048114.35","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Managing oral hygiene as a risk factor for periodontal disease: a systematic review of psychological approaches to behaviour change for improved plaque control in periodontal management","volume":"42 Suppl 16","author":"Newton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T05:23:35Z","timestamp":1764998615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048114","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}}}