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Further descriptive measurements of health included hand grip strength, screening of cognitive function, comorbidities and use of transportation. To assess construct validity, correlations between LSA-D and the primary and secondary outcome measures were examined for the total sample, and urban and rural subsamples using bivariate regression and multiple adjusted regression models. Descriptive analyses of LSA-D included different scoring methods for each region. All parameters were estimated using non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the multiple adjusted model for the total sample, number of ADL\/iADL limitations (\u03b2=\u22120.26; 95% CI=\u22120.42 to \u22120.08), Timed Up and Go Test (\u03b2=\u22120.37; 95% CI=\u22120.68 to \u22120.14), shared living arrangements (\u03b2=0.22; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.44) and history of falls in the past 6 months (\u03b2=\u22120.22; 95% CI=\u22120.41 to \u22120.05) showed significant associations with the LSA-D composite score, while living in urban area (\u03b2=\u22120.19; 95% CI=\u22120.42 to 0.03) and male gender (\u03b2=0.15; 95% CI=\u22120.04 to 0.35) were not significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The LSA-D is a valid tool for measuring life-space mobility in German community-dwelling older adults within the past 4 weeks in ambulant urban and rural settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DRKS00019023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-049926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T12:27:36Z","timestamp":1625574456000},"page":"e049926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Validation of the German Life-Space Assessment (LSA-D): cross-sectional validation study in urban and rural community-dwelling older adults"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0603-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra 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