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The presence of both bruxism and TMD pain may negatively influence patients\u2019 quality of life. The present study is designed to clinically and more objectively investigate the presence of bruxism and TMD pain in patients with PD. The secondary aim of the study is to identify factors associated with bruxism and TMD pain in patients with PD, such as disease severity and dopaminergic medication usage. Furthermore, the presence of tooth wear in patients with PD will be studied as this can be a major consequence of bruxism. Finally, deviations in saliva composition that may contribute to tooth wear will be studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a single-centre observational outpatient study at the Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD will be eligible for inclusion. Participants will fill in a set of questionnaires. Subsequently, patients will be examined clinically for, among others, TMD pain, presence and severity of tooth wear, and deviations in saliva composition. Sleep-time registrations will take place for 5 nights with the GrindCare GC4 (ie, a portable, single-channel electromyographic recorder) to assess sleep bruxism and simultaneously by the use of the BruxApp for 5 days to assess awake bruxism. We will partly use data collected during standard clinical care to minimise patient burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scientific and ethical aspects of this study protocol have been approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee of the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc; NL. 2019.143. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, if relevant presented at conferences, and published as part of a PhD thesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NL8307.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T12:30:24Z","timestamp":1650285024000},"page":"e052329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Parkinson\u2019s disease, temporomandibular disorder pain and bruxism and its clinical consequences: a protocol of a single-centre observational outpatient study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7861-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merel Charlotte","family":"Verhoeff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michail","family":"Koutris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk W","family":"Berendse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin D","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Netherlands Foundation Sleep-Wake Centre, Heemstede, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Lobbezoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.5604\/12321966.1232774","article-title":"Motor assessment in Parkinson's disease","volume":"24","author":"Opara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Agric Environ Med"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31827deb74"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70373-8"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23135"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.06.001"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2007.0357","article-title":"Oral health and the aging population","volume":"138 Suppl","author":"Ettinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12011"},{"key":"2025121410205665000_12.4.e052329.9","unstructured":"de LR , Klasser GD . 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