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For multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, residency, income level and other comorbidities, patients with pneumoconiosis exhibited a significantly higher risk of pneumothorax than those without pneumoconiosis (HR 3.05, 95% CI 2.18 to 4.28, p&lt;0.0001). The male sex, heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease and connective tissue disease were risk factors for developing pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study revealed a higher risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients and suggested potential risk factors in these patients. Clinicians should be aware about the risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-054098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T06:26:19Z","timestamp":1633847179000},"page":"e054098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Risk of pneumothorax in pneumoconiosis patients in Taiwan: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jo-Hui","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yen","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7979-3749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau-Chyun","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3621-3334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Ju","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Yu","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inn-Wen","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102817411055000_11.10.e054098.1","unstructured":"Driscoll T . 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