{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T01:53:19Z","timestamp":1794621199248,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654992000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1147576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1147576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical studies supported by immunological data indicate early life intervention strategies to be promising in reducing the growing global burden of food allergies. The events that predispose to food allergy, including the induction of allergen-specific immune responses, appear to be initiated early in development. Early exposure to food allergens in utero and via breast milk is likely to be important in initiating oral tolerance. We aim to determine the effectiveness of higher maternal food allergen consumption during pregnancy and lactation on infant food allergy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a multisite, parallel, two-arm (1:1 allocation), single-blinded (outcome assessors, statistical analyst and investigators), randomised controlled trial. Pregnant women (&lt;23 weeks\u2019 gestation) whose (unborn) infants have at least two biological family members (mother, father or siblings) with medically diagnosed allergic disease are eligible to participate. After obtaining written informed consent, pregnant women are randomised to either a high egg and peanut diet (at least 6 eggs and 60 peanuts per week) or standard (low) egg and peanut diet (no more than 3 eggs and 30 peanuts per week). The women are asked to follow their allocated diet from &lt;23 weeks\u2019 gestation to 4 months\u2019 lactation. The primary outcome is food challenge proven IgE-mediated egg and\/or peanut allergy in the infants at 12 months of age. Key secondary outcomes include infant sensitisation to egg and\/or peanut and infant eczema. Our target sample size is 2136\u2009women. Analyses will be performed on an intention-to-treat basis according to a pre-specified statistical analysis plan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval has been granted from the Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee (approval number HREC\/18\/WCHN\/42). Trial results will be presented at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000937213.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T11:33:32Z","timestamp":1655120012000},"page":"e056925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["PrEggNut Study: protocol for a randomised controlled trial investigating the effect of a maternal diet rich in eggs and peanuts from &lt;23 weeks\u2019 gestation during pregnancy to 4\u2009months\u2019 lactation on infant IgE-mediated egg and peanut allergy outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2498-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debra J","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-5406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dianne E","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology; and Kids Research, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Nanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles Perkins Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Network, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter S","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology; and Kids Research, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merryn J","family":"Netting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health Network, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"McWilliam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer J","family":"Koplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5683-996X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten P","family":"Perrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 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