{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:02:32Z","timestamp":1765602152954,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"TBI Network","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the test\u2013retest reliability of the Brain Injury Screening Tool (BIST), which was designed to support the initial assessment of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) across a variety of contexts, including primary and secondary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Test\u2013retest design over a 2-week period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community based.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-eight adults (aged 18\u201358 years) who had not experienced an mTBI within the last 5 years and completed the BIST on two different occasions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were invited to complete the 15-item BIST symptom scale and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) online at two time-points (baseline and 2 weeks later). To account for large variations in mood affecting symptom reporting, change scores on the subscales of the DASS-21 were calculated, and outliers were removed from the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The BIST total symptom score and subscale scores (physical-emotional, cognitive and vestibular) demonstrated moderate to good test\u2013retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging between 0.51 and 0.83. There were no meaningful differences between symptom reporting on the total scale or subscales of the BIST between time1 and time2 at the p&lt;0.05 level when calculated using related samples Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The BIST showed evidence of good stability of symptom reporting within a non-injured, community adult sample. This increases confidence that changes observed in symptom reporting in an injured sample are related to actual symptom change rather than measurement error and supports the use of the symptom scale to monitor recovery over time. Further research is needed to explore reliability of the BIST within those aged &lt;16 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-057701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T11:40:10Z","timestamp":1659526810000},"page":"e057701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Brain Injury Screening Tool (BIST): test\u2013retest reliability in a community adult sample"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8157-226X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nusratnaaz","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yelda","family":"Tokhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Hardaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand"},{"name":"Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Henshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Service, Counties Manukau Health, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Forch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Axis Sports Medicine, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Active Plus, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Durham University, Durham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Fulcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axis Sports Medicine, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Jewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellington Sports Medicine, Wellington, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Bastos-Gottgtroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patria","family":"Hume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0351-6216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Theadom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TBI Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121220580878000_12.8.e057701.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017"},{"key":"2025121220580878000_12.8.e057701.2","article-title":"Review of assessment scales for diagnosing and monitoring sports-related concussion","volume":"9","author":"Dessy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025121220580878000_12.8.e057701.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000445"},{"key":"2025121220580878000_12.8.e057701.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2020.1831607","article-title":"Square peg round hole - Time to customise a concussion assessment tools for primary care: The New Zealand experience? 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