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Studies not reporting on cost calculation methods or ROP-specific costs were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data extraction and synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two independent reviewers screened for inclusion and extracted data, including items from a published checklist for quality assessment used for bias assessment, summary and random-effects meta-analysis for treatment costs. Included studies were further searched to identify eligible references and citations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 15 studies reported ROP screening costs, and 13 reported lifetime costs (either treatment and\/or follow-up costs) for infants with ROP. The range for screening costs (10 studies) was US$5\u2013US$253 per visit, or US$324\u2013US$1072 per screened child (5 studies). Costs for treatment (11 studies) ranged from US$38 to US$6500 per child. Four studies reported healthcare follow-up costs (lifetime costs ranging from US$64 to US$2420, and 10-year costs of US$1695, respectively), and of these, three also reported lifetime costs for blindness (range US$26 686\u2013US$224 295) using secondary cost data. Included papers largely followed the quality assessment checklist items, thus indicating a low risk of bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The costs of screening for and treating ROP are small compared with the societal costs of resulting blindness. However, little evidence is available for predicting the effects of changes in patient population, screening schedule or ROP treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42020208213.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-057864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T12:16:46Z","timestamp":1669292206000},"page":"e057864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Costs associated with retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-5162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Gyllensten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0507-8216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jhangir","family":"Humayun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrika","family":"Sj\u00f6bom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-1244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann","family":"Hellstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chatarina","family":"L\u00f6fqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.1","article-title":"Born too soon: care for the preterm baby","volume":"10 Suppl 1","author":"Lawn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60178-6"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001719","article-title":"The cutting edge of retinopathy of prematurity care: expanding the boundaries of diagnosis and treatment","volume":"37","author":"Yonekawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2018.10.002","article-title":"Economic barriers in retinopathy of prematurity management","volume":"2","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s40135-017-0129-0","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a developing economy with improving health care","volume":"5","author":"Ademola-Popoola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Ophthalmol Rep"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.2021"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"2022112407450658000_12.11.e057864.8","unstructured":"NIHR, National INstitute for Health Research . 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