{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T18:47:16Z","timestamp":1787942836219,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015539","name":"Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Aust. Gov. Research Scholarship Number NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Aust. Gov. 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Participation was only open to physiotherapists who provided treatment to children with ITW.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Physiotherapists defined the motor control interventions used for children with ITW as having the following non-hierarchical key elements:\n                      <jats:italic>use of repetition; task scaffolding; encouraging error recognition; and, active and\/or passive movements<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Physiotherapists also described two superordinate themes; (\n                      <jats:italic>1) We see motor control through the lens of how we view management<\/jats:italic>\n                      and (\n                      <jats:italic>2) Idiopathic toe walking treatment is a game with rules that are made to be broken<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of ITW continues to challenge clinicians. Physiotherapists viewed their approach to ITW management being evidence- informed, underpinned by motor learning theories, movement strategies and organisational treatment frameworks or guidelines to fit their individual childrens\u2019 needs. Future research should investigate if this approach affords more favourable outcomes for children with ITW gait.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T10:11:50Z","timestamp":1669630310000},"page":"e062704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploration of physiotherapists\u2019 use of motor control strategies for the treatment of idiopathic toe walking in children: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2929-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoni","family":"Caserta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prue","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0223-9141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cylie","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.1","first-page":"CD012363","article-title":"Interventions for idiopathic toe walking","volume":"10","author":"Caserta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.07.017","article-title":"Botulinum toxin A does not improve cast treatment for idiopathic toe-walking \u2013 a prospective randomized trial","volume":"38","author":"Engstr\u00f6m","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812470001"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1123\/pes.2018-0115","article-title":"Lower limb flexibility in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: effects on functional performance","volume":"31","author":"Akkurt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Exerc Sci"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004694-199811000-00009"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2015.02.001"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000820","article-title":"Parent perspectives regarding care delivery for children with idiopathic toe walking to inform an American physical therapy association clinical practice guideline","volume":"33","author":"Barkocy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12745","article-title":"Exploring health professionals' understanding of evidence-based treatment for idiopathic toe walking","volume":"46","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035965"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0b013e3181f9d5b8"},{"key":"2025121409474171000_12.11.e062704.11","unstructured":"Shumway-Cook A , Woollacott M . 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