{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:59:13Z","timestamp":1774439953917,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan \/ LPDP), Ministry of Finance Republic of Indonesia","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies showed that the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) effectively prevents primary hamstring injury. However, no study investigated the secondary preventing effect of the NHE on hamstring reinjury. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the NHE for preventing hamstring reinjury after return to play (RTP) following a hamstring injury in football players. The secondary purpose is to determine the effect of the NHE on sprint and jump performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is an international multicentre, prospective, parallel-group randomised controlled trial study. Subjects include male or female football players aged 18\u201340 years and within 1\u2009week of RTP following a hamstring injury will be randomised into Nordics or a control group. Subjects in both groups continue their regular football training, but the Nordics group will perform an additional NHE programme. An online questionnaire will be sent to the subjects in both groups once per week within the first 10 weeks, then continued at months 6, 9 and 12. In a (performance) substudy, we will evaluate the effect of the NHE on sprint and vertical jump performance at three time points (at the beginning of the study, after 10 weeks and 12 months of follow-up).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcomes are the incidence of hamstring reinjury within 2 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes are sprint and jump performance, adherence to the programme, duration of reinjury and reinjury burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is approved by the medical ethics committee of Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC) in the Netherlands (METC 2021_117), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada in Indonesia (KE\/FK\/1248\/EC\/2021), Norwegian School of Sport Sciences in Norway (number 216\u20132\u200970\u2009122) and Denmark (ethical submission in process). The study\u2019s findings will be disseminated in scientific peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NL9711.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T12:04:34Z","timestamp":1668427474000},"page":"e065816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Study on Hamstring Re-injury Prevention (SHARP): protocol for an international multicentre, randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3728-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Ikhwan","family":"Zein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustaaf","family":"Reurink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evert","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Center, Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gino M M J","family":"Kerkhoffs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"van der Horst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PSV Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Goedhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIFA Medical Center, Royal Netherlands Football Association, KNVB, Zeist, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Anggunadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Knapstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thor Einar","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"The Norwegian FA Medical Center, The Football Association of Norway, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lasse","family":"Ish\u00f8i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hvidovre Hospital Sports Orthopedic Research Center Copenhagen (SORC-C), Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"H\u00f8lmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hvidovre Hospital Sports Orthopedic Research Center Copenhagen (SORC-C), Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes L","family":"Tol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Sports Medicine Department, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.060582"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510395879"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002352"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095359"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2003.011197"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200105000-00017"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.05.026"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00995.x"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505286022"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orchard JW , Chaker Jomaa M , Orchard JJ . Fifteen-week window for recurrent muscle strains in football: a prospective cohort of 3600 muscle strains over 23 years in professional Australian rules football. Br J Sports Med. 2020:1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100755"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200201000-00004"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0796-x","article-title":"An evidence-based framework for strengthening exercises to prevent hamstring injury","volume":"48","author":"Bourne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.13","first-page":"67","article-title":"A systematic review of the effectiveness of eccentric strength training in the prevention of hamstring muscle strains in otherwise healthy individuals","volume":"3","author":"Hibbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Am J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2015-0196","article-title":"Eccentric exercises reduce hamstring strains in elite adult male soccer players: a critically Appraised topic","volume":"26","author":"Shadle","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100045"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0638-2","article-title":"Effect of injury prevention programs that include the Nordic hamstring exercise on hamstring injury rates in soccer players: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Al Attar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511419277"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krommes K , Nielsen MF , Krohn L , et al . The effect of including the Nordic Hamstring exercise on sprint and jump performance in athletes\u202f: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analyses 2020:1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.01.20048686"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1409609","article-title":"Effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise on sprint capacity in male football players: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Ish\u00f8i","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2005.02.003"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2020-000830"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7586"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c869"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.24","unstructured":"van der Horst N , de HSvan , van OP , et al . Effective but not adhered to: how can we improve adherence to evidence-based hamstring injury prevention in amateur football? Clin J Sport Med. 2018:Publish Ah(00)."},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094826"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altmann S , Ringhof S , Neumann R . Validity and reliability of speed tests used in soccer: a systematic review. 14, 2019.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220982"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0446-0"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00280"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2012.03.006","article-title":"Sprint speed characteristics of high-level American female soccer players: female athletes in motion (FAiM) study","volume":"15","author":"Vescovi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410701348644"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/1533-4287(2004)18<551:RAFVOS>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.07.028","article-title":"A simple method for measuring force, velocity and power output during squat jump","volume":"41","author":"Samozino","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00560.x","article-title":"Reproducibility and relationship of single-joint strength vs multi-joint strength and power in aging individuals","volume":"17","author":"Holsgaard Larsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103708","article-title":"Validity, reliability, and usefulness of my jump 2 APP for measuring vertical jump in primary school children","volume":"17","author":"Bogataj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.025270"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098160"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00634.x","article-title":"Prevention of hamstring strains in elite soccer: an intervention study","volume":"18","author":"Arnason","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515574057"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1402340"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094250"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2395-1"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.26773\/mjssm.180903","article-title":"Effect of the FIFA 11+ programme on vertical jump performance in elite male youth soccer players","volume":"7","author":"Akbari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Monten. J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093543"},{"key":"2025121514510938000_12.11.e065816.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01178-7","article-title":"The effect of Nordic hamstring exercise intervention volume on eccentric strength and muscle architecture adaptations: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"50","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Med"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T22:51:23Z","timestamp":1765839083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065816","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}}}