{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:35:40Z","timestamp":1789778140212,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679356800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence, treatment outcomes and determinants of tuberculosis (TB)\u2013HIV coinfection in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review of TB case register for Kwabre East Municipality was conducted for the period 2010\u20132020 to identify TB\u2013HIV coinfections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>462 patients with TB from four sub-municipal treatment centres were included in the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between clinico-demographic factors (age, sex, type of patient, disease classification, treatment category and sputum smear microscopy) and TB\u2013HIV coinfection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 462 individual TB cases found in the TB register from 2010 to 2020, 286 (61.9%) were screened for HIV and the results showed that 18% had TB\u2013HIV coinfection. TB\u2013HIV coinfection was highest in 2015 with a prevalence of 40% among all registered TB cases. The likelihood of TB\u2013HIV coinfection was highest among patients with TB aged 40\u201349 years (AOR=3.99, CI=1.3, 12.7). Those who tested negative for TB at the end of their treatment period had lower odds of HIV coinfection (AOR=0.27, CI=0.10, 0.72).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nearly one out of every five (18%) patients with TB in the municipality were found to be coinfected with HIV. TB\u2013HIV coinfection was significantly associated with patients' age and their TB treatment outcomes. Urgent interventions are needed to address these risk factors to promote optimal health for patients with TB in the municipality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-067613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T10:37:35Z","timestamp":1679481455000},"page":"e067613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence, treatment outcomes and determinants of TB\u2013HIV coinfection: a 10-year retrospective review of TB registry in Kwabre East Municipality of Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8956-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Osei Bonsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac Yeboah","family":"Addo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin Noble","family":"Adjei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhib Mohammed","family":"Alhassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Kweku","family":"Nakua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101810523910000_13.3.e067613.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2019.1576845","article-title":"Combining surveillance systems to investigate local trends in tuberculosis-HIV co-infection","volume":"31","author":"Davy-Mendez","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"2025101810523910000_13.3.e067613.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2015.05.017","article-title":"Tuberculosis: a disease without boundaries","volume":"95","author":"Fogel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"2025101810523910000_13.3.e067613.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1048","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30390-X","article-title":"Preventing tuberculosis in people with HIV-no more excuses","volume":"5","author":"Chaisson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2025101810523910000_13.3.e067613.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecocom.2017.08.001","article-title":"The HIV\/TB coinfection severity in the presence of TB multi-drug resistant strains","volume":"32","author":"Pinto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecological Complexity"},{"key":"2025101810523910000_13.3.e067613.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.107","article-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020 - 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