{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:49:01Z","timestamp":1780393741495,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["21K11197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K11197"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing positive symptoms, improving depression, enhancing coping skills and increasing awareness of illness. However, compared with cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety, the spread of CBTp in clinical practice is minimal. The present study designed a randomised controlled trial (RCT) research protocol to evaluate whether real-time remote video-conference CBTp (vCBTp) could facilitate access to psychosocial interventions and effectively improve symptoms compared with usual care (UC) for patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This exploratory RCT will consist of two parallel groups (vCBTp+UC\u2009and UC alone) of 12 participants (n=24) diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or paranoid disorder, who remain symptomatic following pharmacotherapy. Seven 50-min weekly vCBTp interventions will be administered to test efficacy. The primary outcome will be the positive and negative syndrome scale score at week 8. The secondary outcome will be the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale to assess insight, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depression, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 to assess anxiety, the 5-level EuroQol 5-dimensional questionnaire to assess quality of life and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised to assess subjective distress about a specific stressful life event. We will take all measurements at 0 weeks (baseline) and at 8\u2009weeks (post-intervention), and apply intention-to-treat analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We will conduct this study in the outpatient department of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Center at Chiba University Hospital. Further, all participants will be informed of the study and will be asked to sign consent forms. We will report according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UMIN000043396.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T13:40:22Z","timestamp":1694439622000},"page":"e069734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Randomised controlled trial on the effect of video-conference cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with schizophrenia: a study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3605-5156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masayuki","family":"Katsushima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Care and Medical Sports, Teikyo Heisei University - Chiba Campus, Ichihara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Hanaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Future Medicine Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3959-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Shiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6741-9338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiji","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"},{"name":"Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121404361109000_13.9.e069734.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153657"},{"key":"2025121404361109000_13.9.e069734.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020141","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence of schizophrenia","volume":"2","author":"Saha","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025121404361109000_13.9.e069734.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16458-1"},{"key":"2025121404361109000_13.9.e069734.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.10.008","article-title":"Direct healthcare cost of schizophrenia - European overview","volume":"48","author":"Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025121404361109000_13.9.e069734.5","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) . 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