{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T04:26:52Z","timestamp":1776745612089,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EG7-179462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EG7-179462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted persons experiencing homelessness in Canada, who are at an increased risk of infection and severe outcomes. In response to the pandemic, several regions have adopted programmes that aim to address the intersecting nature of health and social challenges faced by persons facing homelessness. These programmes adopted during the pandemic may contribute to broader health and social impacts beyond limiting COVID-19 transmission, but the processes involved in developing and implementing these types of programmes and their sustainability after the pandemic are unknown. Our overall goal is to understand the processes of developing and implementing integrative health and sheltering initiatives in Ontario during COVID-19, as well as their sustainability post-pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will use a multiple case study design\u2014two cases over 1\u2009year\u2014enabling us to investigate how integrative health and sheltering approaches have been implemented in two mid-sized cities in Ontario, Canada. Each case will offer a unique narrative; through cross-case analysis, the cases will highlight programme operations, successes and challenges. Data will be collected using semi-structured interviews with programme staff and managers, and document analysis. Project partners will be brought together to further explore and interpret findings, along with co-creating a sustainability action plan and policy documents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethics clearance was obtained through the Western University Research Ethics Board and the University of Waterloo Office of Research Ethics. Findings will be disseminated through publications, conference presentations and lay summary reports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T09:58:04Z","timestamp":1671530284000},"page":"e069945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Responding to COVID-19 with integrative health and sheltering models for persons experiencing homelessness in Southern Ontario, Canada: protocol for a qualitative study exploring implementation and sustainability"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8740-4638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacobi","family":"Elliott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Specialized Geriatric Services, St Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Parkwood Institute Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Forchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Parkwood Institute Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Hiebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Specialized Geriatric Services, St Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Parkwood Institute Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1214-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine E","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Whate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Bondy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"House of Friendship, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-0843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Stolee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1139\/facets-2021-0004","article-title":"Seeking shelter: homelessness and COVID-19","volume":"6","author":"Baral","year":"2021","journal-title":"FACETS"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.200834"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9778\/cmajo.20200287"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1300\/J083v49n01_02","article-title":"Living on the margins: older homeless adults in Toronto","volume":"49","author":"McDonald","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gerontol Soc Work"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403700","article-title":"Homelessness and health in Canada: research lessons and priorities","volume":"96 Suppl 2","author":"Frankish","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.3","article-title":"Cognitive decline and mortality in a community-based sample of homeless and precariously housed adults: 9-year prospective study","volume":"6","author":"Gicas","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"2025121410550537000_12.12.e069945.7","unstructured":"Schiff JW , Pauly B , Schiff R . 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