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FM is a prevalent chronic disease worldwide that imposes a significant burden on individuals and society. Emerging evidence suggests that environmental interventions, such as exposure to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), can relieve pain and improve the quality of life in patients with FM. This study will systematically and comprehensively assess the effectiveness and safety of HBOT in patients with FM and provide evidence to support its implementation. We hope that the final review will be helpful in supporting the decision-making processes related to treatment programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. Ten key databases, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE (Excerpt Medica Database), PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PEDro, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG and VIP (Chinese Scientific Journal Database), will be searched from inception through December 2022 to identify relevant randomised controlled trials examining the effectiveness of HBOT in patients with FM published in English or Chinese. Two reviewers will independently complete the study screening, selection, and data extraction and assess the risk of bias in the included studies using the 0\u201310 PEDro Scale. Narrative or quantitative syntheses will be performed and a systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed using Review Manager V.5.3 statistical software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval was not required for this protocol. The results of the final review will be disseminated in a peer-\u00adreviewed journal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42022363672<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-071092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T13:41:06Z","timestamp":1686750066000},"page":"e071092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for patients with fibromyalgia: a systematic review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaochai","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5041-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangnan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3524-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nianyi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Fourth People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6087-5851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueyong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.5651","article-title":"Association of therapies with reduced pain and improved quality of life in patients with Fibromyalgia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"181","author":"Mascarenhas","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2022.2081151","article-title":"The efficacy of vitamin D in treatment of Fibromyalgia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies and systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Qu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-00506-w","article-title":"Fibromyalgia: an update on clinical characteristics, aetiopathogenesis and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Sarzi-Puttini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3725-2"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbr.2016.10.004","article-title":"Prevalence of Fibromyalgia: literature review update","volume":"57","author":"Marques","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1027-6","article-title":"Fibromyalgia-related costs and loss of productivity: a substantial societal burden","volume":"17","author":"Lacasse","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21217877","article-title":"Fibromyalgia: recent advances in diagnosis, classification, Pharmacotherapy and alternative remedies","volume":"21","author":"Maffei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.110745","article-title":"The risk factors for self-reported Fibromyalgia with and without multiple somatic symptoms: the Lifelines cohort study","volume":"155","author":"Creed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2025121600000018000_13.6.e071092.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2017.06.008","article-title":"Fibromyalgia: prevalence, epidemiologic profiles and economic costs. 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