{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:35:42Z","timestamp":1793907342639,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698624000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia is a known risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Studies evaluating the association between the fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and NAFLD are limited. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the association between FMR and NAFLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted on individuals who underwent health examination at Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2020 and November 2021. Clinical data were collected from electronic medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1592 participants aged \u226540 years who underwent body composition analysis and liver ultrasonography were retrospectively reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liver ultrasonography was used to assess liver steatosis, and the fibrosis-4 index was used to calculate the risk scores for liver fibrosis. The 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction model was used to calculate ASCVD risk scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The FMR was significantly higher in individuals with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (p&lt;0.001). The prevalence of NAFLD gradually increased from FMR tertile 1 (reference) to tertile 2 (OR=1.49, 95%\u2009CI 1.13 to 1.97) and tertile 3 (OR=2.85, 95%\u2009CI 2.08 to 3.90). In addition, patients with NAFLD in FMR tertile 3 had a significantly higher risk of liver fibrosis (OR=4.48, 95%\u2009CI 2.12 to 9.50) and ASCVD (OR=4.63, 95%\u2009CI 2.62 to 8.19) than those in FMR tertile 1 after adjustment for multiple confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we found a significant association between FMR and NAFLD. A higher FMR indicates a higher risk of NAFLD in the study population and a higher risk of liver fibrosis and ASCVD in NAFLD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-072489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T13:54:05Z","timestamp":1698674045000},"page":"e072489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Association of fat-to-muscle ratio with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a single-centre retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3995-9740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengqin","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5467-6431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guqiao","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nianli","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0566-0801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30702"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00165-0","article-title":"The prevalence and incidence of NAFLD worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Riazi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.03.001","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathophysiology of the association between NAFLD and metabolically healthy or metabolically unhealthy obesity","volume":"19","author":"Lonardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0398","article-title":"Risk factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"29","author":"Ko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23280"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.02.051"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28376"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2012.09.007"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad095","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathophysiological concepts and treatment options","volume":"119","author":"Grander","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1975","article-title":"Skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio as a predictor of NAFLD in lean and overweight men and women with effect modification by sex","volume":"6","author":"Cho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-017-1377-3","article-title":"Skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio is an important determinant affecting hepatic conditions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"53","author":"Shida","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1392","article-title":"Associations between body fat, muscle mass, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study","volume":"3","author":"Hsing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"2023103010451117000_13.10.e072489.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo W , Zhao X , Miao M , et al . 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