{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:23:53Z","timestamp":1793262233055,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-02653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-02653"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is irritant contact dermatitis and skin damage associated with prolonged skin contact with urine and\/or faeces. Identifying prognostic factors for the development of IAD may improve management, facilitate prevention and inform future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This protocol follows the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Prospective and retrospective observational studies or clinical trials in which prognostic factors associated with the development of IAD are described are eligible. There are no restrictions on study setting, time, language, participant characteristics or geographical regions. Reviews, editorials, commentaries, methodological articles, letters to the editor, cross-sectional and case\u2013control studies, and case reports are excluded. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library will be searched from inception until May 2023. Two independent reviewers will independently evaluate studies. The Quality in Prognostic Studies tool will be used to assess the risk of bias, and the Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies-Prognostic Factors checklist will be used for data extraction of the included studies. Separate analyses will be conducted for each identified prognostic factor, with adjusted and unadjusted estimated measures analysed separately. Evidence will be summarised with a meta-analysis when possible, and narratively otherwise. The Q and I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistics will be calculated in order to quantify heterogeneity. The quality of the evidence obtained will be evaluated according to the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No ethical approval is needed since all data is already publicly accessible. The results of this work will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-073115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T13:21:01Z","timestamp":1688995261000},"page":"e073115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["What are the prognostic factors for the development of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD): a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8396-6761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Deprez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Centre for Skin and Wound Research (SCENTR), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"},{"name":"Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Kottner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6133-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Eileg\u00e5rd Wallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Centre for Skin and Wound Research (SCENTR), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5200-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Ohde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9608-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"B\u00e5\u00e5th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, \u00d8stfold University College - Campus Frederikstad, Fredrikstad, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6114-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ami","family":"Hommel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Care Science, Malm\u00f6 University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8270-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Hultin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Upsalla University, Upsalla, Sweden"},{"name":"Upsalla University Hospital, Upsalla, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-056X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Josefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, \u00d6rebro University Hospital, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3080-8716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitri","family":"Beeckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Centre for Skin and Wound Research (SCENTR), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"},{"name":"Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121223395563000_13.7.e073115.1","unstructured":"Beeckman D , Campbell J , Campbell K , et al . 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