{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T10:55:44Z","timestamp":1794048944221,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697587200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011603","name":"American Academy of Optometry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Award\/Grant no: NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Award\/Grant no: NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011603","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ocular motor function is susceptible to neurological injury because it requires a large portion of brain circuitry including every lobe of the brain, brainstem, thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, cranial nerves and visual tracts. While reports of a high frequency of ocular motor dysfunctions after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) span multidisciplinary journals, there is no scoping review of the signs, diagnostic assessments and criteria, and appropriate management of ocular motor disorders post-mTBI. Post-mTBI ocular motor dysfunction has been reported to respond to active treatment. The objective of this scoping review is to map the available evidence on the diagnostic assessment and treatment modalities currently used in the management of mTBI-related ocular motor disorders in children and adults. This scoping review also aims to identify gaps in the current literature and provide suggestions for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review will include populations with reported concussion and\/or mTBI without restrictions on age, race, sex or time since injury. The review will evaluate the reported symptoms related to ocular motor dysfunction, types of assessments and diagnostic criteria used, reported treatments, and the level of evidence supporting the reported treatments. This review will exclude literature on brain injury of non-traumatic aetiology and moderate\/severe traumatic brain injury. Ocular motor dysfunction after mTBI appears in journals across multiple disciplines. Thus, multiple databases will be evaluated including Pubmed, Embase, PEDro, OVID, Clinical Key, Google Scholar and REHABDATA. Literature will be searched from inception to present day. Evidence sources will include experimental study designs including randomised controlled trials, non-randomised controlled trials and interrupted time-series. Additionally, analytical observational studies including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case series, cross-sectional studies and clinical practice guidelines will be considered for inclusion. Data will be extracted on clinical presentation, frequency, assessment, diagnostic criteria management strategies and outcomes of concussion and mTBI-related ocular motor disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review will use data from existing publications and does not require ethical approval by an institutional review board. Results will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and presented at relevant conferences and as part of future workshops with professionals involved with diagnosis and management of patients with mTBI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-073656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T21:00:51Z","timestamp":1697749251000},"page":"e073656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ocular motor disorders in children and adults with mTBI: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4747-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Theis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences F Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Concussion Care Centre of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern California College of Optometry, Marshall B Ketchum University, Fullerton, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allegra P","family":"Burgher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern California College of Optometry, Marshall B Ketchum University, Fullerton, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn D","family":"Greenspan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salus University Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Morgenstern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron D","family":"Salzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiong Peng","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IGARD Vision Therapy Center, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Scheiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salus University Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawna L","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121411021107000_13.10.e073656.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassidy JD , Carroll LJ , Peloso PM , et al . 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