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Poor sleep is strongly associated with the development of vascular and metabolic diseases, which correlate with cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, sleep may contribute to observed disparities in cognitive disorders. The Epidemiologic Study of Disparities in Sleep and Cognition in Older Adults (DISCO) is a longitudinal, observational cohort study that focuses on gathering data to better understand racial\/ethnic sleep disparities and illuminate the relationship among sleep, race and ethnicity and changes in cognitive function. This investigation may help inform targeted interventions to minimise disparities in cognitive health among ageing adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>The DISCO study will examine up to 495 individuals aged 55 and older at two time points over 24 months. An equal number of black, white and Hispanic\/Latinx individuals will be recruited using methods aimed for adults traditionally under-represented in research. Study procedures at each time point will include cognitive tests, gait speed measurement, wrist actigraphy, a type 2 home polysomnography and a clinical examination. Participants will also complete self-identified assessments and questionnaires on cognitive ability, sleep, medication use, quality of life, sociodemographic characteristics, diet, substance use, and psychological and social health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was approved by the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Institutional Review Board. Deidentified datasets will be shared via the BioLINCC repository following the completion of the project. Biospecimen samples from the study that are not being analysed can be made available to qualified investigators on review and approval by study investigators. Requests that do not lead to participant burden or that conflict with the primary aims of the study will be reviewed by the study investigators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-073734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T17:31:07Z","timestamp":1698946267000},"page":"e073734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Study protocol for a longitudinal observational study of disparities in sleep and cognition in older adults: the DISCO study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2751-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen L.","family":"Knutson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4137-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandy L","family":"Pershing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabra","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaina J","family":"Alexandria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindhu","family":"Chiluka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Chirinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Giachello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niket","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah S","family":"Rittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Sorond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3808-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandy","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanh-Huyen T.","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis C","family":"Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes R.","family":"Carnethon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.5469","article-title":"The leading causes of death in the US for 2020","volume":"325","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12328","article-title":"2021 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures","volume":"17","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201117","article-title":"Associations of vascular risk with cognition, brain glucose metabolism, and clinical progression in cognitively intact elders","volume":"80","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2020.06.003","article-title":"Preserving cognition, preventing dementia","volume":"36","author":"Cleveland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2012.91"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872617741733","article-title":"Association between short and long sleep durations and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Krittanawong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"2023110210301530000_13.11.e073734.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwok CS , Kontopantelis E , Kuligowski G , et al . 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