{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:40:07Z","timestamp":1760834407396,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R33 HL155793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33 HL155793"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R33 HL155793-02","R33 HL155793-02S1","R33HL155793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33 HL155793-02","R33 HL155793-02S1","R33HL155793"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study will test the effectiveness of FIT Families (FIT), a multicomponent family-based behavioural intervention, against a credible attention control condition, Home-Based Family Support (HBFS). This protocol paper describes the design of a randomised clinical trial testing the efficacy of the FIT intervention. The protocol will assess the efficacy of FIT to improve health status in African American adolescents with obesity (AAAO) and their primary caregivers on primary (percent body fat) and secondary (physical activity, metabolic control, weight loss) outcomes and its cost-effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>180 youth\/caregiver dyads are randomised into FIT or HBFS, stratified by age, gender and baseline per cent overweight. The proposed study follows a two condition (FIT, HBFS) by four assessment time points. Tests will be conducted to identify potential relationship of baseline demographic and clinical variables to our dependent variables and see whether they are balanced between groups. It is hypothesised that youth\/caregiver dyads randomised to FIT will show significantly greater reductions in percent body fat over a 12-month follow-up period compared with AAAO receiving HBFS. Preliminary findings are expected by November 2023.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This protocol received IRB approval from the Medical University of South Carolina (Pro00106021; see \u2018MUSC IRB 106021 Main Approval.doxc\u2019 in online supplemental materials).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dissemination activities will include summary documents designed for distribution to the broader medical community\/family audience and submission of manuscripts, based on study results, to relevant peer-reviewed scientific high-impact journals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04974554\">NCT04974554<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T23:40:18Z","timestamp":1707867618000},"page":"e074552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study protocol for clinical trial of the FIT Families multicomponent obesity intervention for African American adolescents and their caregivers: Next step from the ORBIT initiative"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04974554","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04974554","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04974554","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0814-2874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillippe B","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Naar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, FSU College of Medicine, Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Ledgerwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Randall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian E","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colleen A","family":"Halliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Madisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samiran","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.1","unstructured":"Stierman B , Afful J , Carroll MD , et al . National health and nutrition examination survey 2017\u2013March 2020 prepandemic data files development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes national center for health statistics (U.S.), NHSR No.158. National health statistics reports; 2021."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.2","unstructured":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation . State of childhood obesity. State obesity data. highest obesity rates among 10-17 yr-olds; 2019."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.3","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Childhood obesity facts. prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/obesity\/data\/childhood.html [Accessed 28 Aug 2002]."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Adult obesity rates. Available: https:\/\/stateofchildhoodobesity.org\/adult-obesity [Accessed 28 Aug 2022]."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1098-3597(08)60024-1"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003198","article-title":"The global burden of disease attributable to high body mass index in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: an analysis of the global burden of disease study","volume":"17","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.7","unstructured":"Must A , McKeown NM . The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity. In: De Groot LJ , Chrousos G , Dungan K , et al , eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc, 2012."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-88","article-title":"The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Guh","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.11.202"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.26.4.381"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.13.5.373"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.45"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922814566930"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20144"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709253371301"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyg040"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.243"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(02)90017-9"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-720X.2007.00111.x"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.07.044"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12046"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.212"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.24.2697"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2006.140"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.51"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2016.08.002"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diaspect.15.3.183"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.28","unstructured":"NHLBI Obesity Education Initiative Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Obesity in Adults (US) . Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Summary of Evidence-Based Recommendations. Bethesda (MD) National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 1998. Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK2009\/"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/01445442-200305000-00013","article-title":"Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change, 2nd ed","volume":"25","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Healthc Qual"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.30","unstructured":"Naar-King S , Suarez M . Motivational interviewing with adolescents and young adults. New York, NY: Guilford Press, 2011."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000161"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.02.008","article-title":"Exploring ambivalence in motivational interviewing with obese African American adolescents and their caregivers: a mixed methods analysis","volume":"99","author":"Idalski Carcone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.33","first-page":"131","article-title":"Building motivation in African American caregivers of adolescents with obesity: application of sequential analysis","volume":"42","author":"Jacques-Tiura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2014.09.008","article-title":"Comparing thin slices of verbal communication behavior of varying number and duration","volume":"98","author":"Carcone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3182a67daf"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hartlieb KB , Naar S , Ledgerwood DM , et al . Contingency management adapted for African-American adolescents with obesity enhances youth weight loss with caregiver participation: a multiple baseline pilot study. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2016;29. doi:10.1515\/ijamh-2015-0091","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2015-0091"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2014.971459","article-title":"Sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) to construct weight loss interventions for African American adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Naar-King","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsl007"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326888CHC3202_5"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20281"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaz003","article-title":"Outcomes from a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial of weight loss strategies for African American adolescents with obesity","volume":"53","author":"Naar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.42","article-title":"Evaluation of an evidence-based weight loss trial for Urban African American adolescents and caregivers","volume":"3","author":"Campbell-Voytal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr Health"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-017-0920-4","article-title":"African American adolescent-caregiver relationships in a weight loss trial","volume":"27","author":"Campbell-Voytal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Child Fam Stud"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2014.12.004","article-title":"The influence of parental participation on obesity interventions in African American adolescent females: an integrative review","volume":"30","author":"Nichols","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.45","first-page":"46","article-title":"Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change, 2nd ed","volume":"25","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"JHQ"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.46","unstructured":"PAR-19-328. Single-site investigator-initiated clinical trials (R61\/R33 clinical trial required); n.d."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts JR , Chervinskiy SK , McCulloh R , et al . Conducting a pediatric randomized clinical trial during a pandemic: a shift to virtual procedures. J Clin Trans Sci 2022;6. doi:10.1017\/cts.2022.453","DOI":"10.1017\/cts.2022.453"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44040","article-title":"Active vs traditional methods of recruiting children for a clinical trial in rural primary care clinics: a cluster-randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Darden","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.71.5.843"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143833"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120802612824"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2006.18.supp.1"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.03.022"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00892.x","article-title":"Motivational interviewing to improve weight loss in overweight and\/or obese patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Armstrong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2007.09.001"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jst032"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.57","unstructured":"Henggeler SW , Cunningham PB , Rowland MD , et al . Contingency management for adolescent substance abuse. New York: Guilford Press, 2011."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.4.556"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.027"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036092"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.61","unstructured":"Rogers C . Client-centered therapy: Its current practice, implications and theory. London: Constable, 1951."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.63","unstructured":"Harris P , Thielke R , Schuff R , et al . The REDCap consortium \u2013 A case study in translational research Informatics resource sharing among academic institutions. Presentation at the AMIA Spring Conference; 2007"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2007.05.340","article-title":"Validation of bioelectrical impedance against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in adult, African American females","volume":"107","author":"Valliant","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.65","first-page":"161","article-title":"Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for estimation of body composition in black, white and hispanic adolescent girls","volume":"4","author":"Going","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Body Compos Res"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.66","first-page":"112","article-title":"Performance of the CardioChek PA and cholestech LDX point-of-care analysers compared to clinical diagnostic laboratory methods for the measurement of lipids","volume":"16","author":"Panz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J S Afr"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.67","first-page":"561","article-title":"Comparative performance of two point-of-care analyzers for lipid testing","volume":"53","author":"Shepard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.68","unstructured":"Alere Cholestech LDX . Tech brief: comparing the accuracy of a rapid fingerstick lipid profile method is comparable to commercial laboratory methods; 2010."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190016651546","article-title":"Comparing the accuracy of 2 point-of-care lipid testing devices","volume":"30","author":"Bastianelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.70","unstructured":"Diabetes Technologies I . AccuBase A1c\u2122 Test Kit. Thomasville, GA: Diabetes Technologies, Inc, 2004."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026543"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258f744"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9619-3"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.36.2.223"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.75","unstructured":"Robin AL , Foster SL . Negotiating parent\u2013adolescent conflict: A behavioral\u2013family systems approach. Guilford Press, 1989."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017189"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.77","unstructured":"Tukey JW . Exploratory data analysis, 2. 1977: 131\u201360."},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/BIP-200067922"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(00)00046-5"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singer JD , Willett JB . Applied longitudinal data analysis: modeling change and event occurrence. USA: Oxford University Press, 2003. doi:10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195152968.001.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195152968.001.0001"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/75.4.800"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738111404655"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10121876","article-title":"Body composition changes in weight loss: strategies and supplementation for maintaining lean body mass, a brief review","volume":"10","author":"Willoughby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2012.48"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2012.01246.x","article-title":"Which factors predict unsuccessful outcome in a weight management intervention for obese children?","volume":"25","author":"Fassihi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsq105"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.158.4.342"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jst024"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.89","first-page":"1","article-title":"Using the family to combat childhood and adult obesity","volume":"6","author":"Gruber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Diseases"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.2.175"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198110363884"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801061"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200636010-00006"},{"key":"2025101813423360000_14.2.e074552.94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-015-0163-y","article-title":"Parental correlates in child and adolescent physical activity: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Yao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T20:42:45Z","timestamp":1760820165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074552","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2044-6055"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2044-6055"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}}}