{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T23:35:45Z","timestamp":1768001745029,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The burden of neurological disease-related disabilities and deaths is one of the most serious issues globally. We aimed to examine the hospitalisation profile related to nervous system diseases in Australia for the duration between 1998 and 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A secular trend analysis using a population-based dataset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>This analysis used a population-based study of hospitalised patients in Australia. Hospitalisation data were extracted from the National Hospital Morbidity Database, which collects sets of episode-level information for Australian patients admitted to all private and public hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients who were hospitalised in all private and public hospitalisations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Primary outcome measure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalisation rates related to nervous system diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalisation rates increased by 1.04 times (from 650.36 (95% CI 646.73 to 654.00) in 1998 to 1328.90 (95% CI 1324.44 to 1333.35) in 2019 per 100\u2009000 persons, p&lt;0.01). Overnight-stay episodes accounted for 57.0% of the total number of hospitalisations. Rates of the same-day hospitalisation for diseases of the nervous system increased by 2.10-fold (from 219.74 (95% CI 217.63 to 221.86) in 1998 to 680.23 (95% CI 677.03 to 683.43) in 2019 per 100\u2009000 persons). Rates of overnight-stay hospital admission increased by 42.7% (from 430.62 (95% CI 427.66 to 433.58) in 1998 to 614.70 (95% CI 611.66 to 617.75) in 2019 per 100\u2009000 persons). \u2018Episodic and paroxysmal disorders\u2019 were the most prevalent reason for hospitalisation, which accounted for 49.0% of the total number of episodes. Female hospitalisation rates increased by 1.13-fold (from 618.23 (95% CI 613.24 to 623.22) in 1998 to 1316.33 (95% CI 1310.07 to 1322.58) in 2019 per 100\u2009000 persons). Male hospitalisation rates increased by 86.4% (from 682.95 (95% CI 677.67 to 688.23) in 1998 to 1273.18 (95% CI 1266.98 to 1279.37) in 2019 per 100\u2009000 persons).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitalisation rates for neurological disorders in Australia are high, potentially owing to the ageing of the population. Males had greater rates of hospitalisation than females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T02:51:24Z","timestamp":1695869484000},"page":"e074553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hospitalisations related to nervous-system diseases in Australia, 1998\u20132019: a secular trend analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5886-5742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sawsan MA","family":"Abuhamdah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8440-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdallah Y","family":"Naser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.1","unstructured":"Medlineplus.gov . Neurologic diseases: National library of medicine. 2014. Available: https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/neurologicdiseases.html"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/13505084221090632","article-title":"Anarchist Technologies: anarchism, cybernetics and mutual aid in community responses to the COVID-19 crisis","volume":"30","author":"Swann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Organization (Lond)"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.3","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization . The burden of Neurological conditions in the Region of the Americas, 2000-2019. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. Available: https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/enlace\/burden-neurological-conditions"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.4","unstructured":"ICD 10 data.com . Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99). 2022. Available: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en#\/VI"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30411-9"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roser M , Ritchie H . Burden of disease. Our World in Data 2021.","DOI":"10.1332\/policypress\/9781529215144.003.0002"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.7","unstructured":"AIHW . General Record of Incidence of Mortality (GRIM) books. Australian Government, 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/life-expectancy-deaths\/grim-books\/contents\/grim-excel-workbooks"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berry JG , Poduri A , Bonkowsky JL , et al . Trends in resource utilization by children with neurological impairment in the United States inpatient health care system: a repeat cross-sectional study. PLoS Med 2012;9:e1001158. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001158","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001158"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e31828aa71f","article-title":"Hospitalizations of children with neurological disorders in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Moreau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naser AY , Dahmash EZ , Al-Daghastani T , et al . An ecological analysis of hospitalization patterns for diseases of the nervous system in England and Wales over the last 20 years. Healthcare (Basel) 2022;10:1670. doi:10.3390\/healthcare10091670","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10091670"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.11","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . National hospitals data collection. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/about-our-data\/our-data-collections\/national-hospitals"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.12","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics . National, state and territory population. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/population\/national-state-and-territory-population\/latest-release#media-releases"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.13","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . Principal diagnosis data cubes, data cubes. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/hospitals\/principal-diagnosis-data-cubes\/contents\/data-cubes"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.14","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics . Historical population. 2016. Available: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/population\/historical-population\/2016"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.15","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics . About. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/about"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.16","unstructured":"Ormerod JA . Diseases of the nervous system: Bibliolife. 2009."},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12061269","article-title":"Wearable sensors for supporting diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"12","author":"Demrozi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30499-X","article-title":"Neurology collaborators. global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016","volume":"18","author":"Feigin","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.19","unstructured":"World Health Organization . The top 10 causes of death. 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/the-top-10-causes-of-death"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarvis SW , Livingston J , Childs A-M , et al . The impact of neurological disorders on hospital admissions for children and young people: a routine health data study. Int J Popul Data Sci 2018;3:421. doi:10.23889\/ijpds.v3i1.421","DOI":"10.23889\/ijpds.v3i1.421"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garone G , Capuano A , Travaglini L , et al . Clinical and genetic overview of Paroxysmal movement disorders and episodic Ataxias. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21:3603. doi:10.3390\/ijms21103603","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103603"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.22","first-page":"83","article-title":"Polyneuropathies","volume":"115","author":"Sommer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S24825","article-title":"Guidelines in the management of diabetic nerve pain: clinical utility of Pregabalin","volume":"6","author":"Vinik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2019.1648211","article-title":"Paroxysmal movement disorders - practical update on diagnosis and management","volume":"19","author":"De Gusmao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.25","first-page":"255","article-title":"Practical approach to management of respiratory complications in neurological disorders","volume":"5","author":"Mangera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willert A-C , Ploner CJ , Kowski AB . Causes for emergency hospitalization of neurological patients with palliative care needs. Front Neurol 2021;12:674114. doi:10.3389\/fneur.2021.674114","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.674114"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:29:2:243"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zagni E , Simoni L , Colombo D . Sex and gender differences in central nervous system-related disorders. Neurosci J 2016;2016:2827090. doi:10.1155\/2016\/2827090","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2827090"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70238-X"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.30","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics . Twenty years of population change. 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/articles\/twenty-years-population-change"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.31","first-page":"202","article-title":"The etiology of neurological disorders in 1 188 elder patients with neuroimaging at geriatric outpatient clinic","volume":"53","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12555","article-title":"Growing old gracefully in rural and remote Australia","volume":"27","author":"Spelten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aust J Rural Health"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e31828aa71f","article-title":"Hospitalizations of children with neurologic disorders in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Moreau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.34","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . Older Australians. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/older-people\/older-australians\/contents\/demographic-profile"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.35","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . Health system overview. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/australias-health\/health-system-overview"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.36","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . Health care safety and quality. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/health-care-quality-performance\/health-care-safety-and-quality"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.37","unstructured":"Department of Health and Aged Care . Keeping Australians out of hospital initiative. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/our-work\/keeping-australians-out-of-hospital-initiative"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2017.12.20631"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sintl.2021.100117"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas EE , Taylor ML , Banbury A , et al . Factors influencing the effectiveness of remote patient monitoring interventions: a realist review. BMJ Open 2021;11:e051844. doi:10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-051844","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-051844"},{"key":"2023092719501807000_13.9.e074553.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-020-09963-7","article-title":"The role of non-invasive devices for the Telemonitoring of heart failure patients","volume":"26","author":"Faragli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074553","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T10:27:55Z","timestamp":1730197675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074553"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074553","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}