{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T01:55:43Z","timestamp":1783821343026,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698537600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Finnish State Research Funding","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess whether electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as an adjunctive technology enhances the performance of colposcopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>University Hospital colposcopy clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colposcopy with EIS for 647\u2009women and conventional colposcopy for 962\u2009women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparison of the performance of colposcopy by referral cervical cytology in two cohorts, with and without EIS as an adjunctive technology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+), diagnostic testing accuracy to detect CIN2+ with\u2009and without EIS and their relative differences between cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of CIN2+ varied between the cohorts according to referral cytology: 17.0% after abnormal squamous cells of unknown significance referral cytology in EIS cohort and 9.1% in the reference cohort, 16.5% and 18.9% after low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 44.3% and 58.2% after atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (atypical squamous cells that cannot exclude HSIL), and 81.9% and 77.0% after HSIL cytology, respectively. Sensitivity to detect CIN2+ was higher in the EIS cohort, varying from 1.79 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.45) after LSIL referral cytology to 1.16 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.23) after HSIL referral cytology, with correspondingly lower specificity after any referral cytology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colposcopy with EIS had overall higher sensitivity but lower specificity to detect CIN2+ than conventional colposcopy. CIN2+ prevalence rates were, however, not consistently higher in the EIS cohort, suggesting innate differences between the cohorts or truly lower detection rates of CIN2+ for EIS, highlighting the need for randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of EIS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T21:36:41Z","timestamp":1698615401000},"page":"e074921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Added value of electrical impedance spectroscopy in adjunction of colposcopy: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn10933736","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2047-9392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Bergqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annu","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Carcopino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, APHM, AMU, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Redman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karoliina","family":"Aro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Kiviharju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seppo","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pirjo-Liisa","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Kotaniemi-Talonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medecine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Louvanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medecine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilkka","family":"Kalliala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medecine, Imperial College, London, 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