{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:01:04Z","timestamp":1792044064274,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\/136\/29"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/136\/29"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The WHO aims to prevent, eliminate or control neglected tropical diseases, including scabies, by 2030. However, limited epidemiological data presented a challenge to control efforts, especially in high burden countries. There was a major scabies outbreak in northern Ethiopia starting in 2015 and prevalence has since increased across much of the country.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate scabies prevalence, identify its predictors, and assess community perception of, and knowledge about, the infestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ayu Guagusa district, Amhara region, northern Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1437 people who were members of 381 randomly selected households participated in the study. Five trained mid-level health workers clinically diagnosed people with scabies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinically diagnosed scabies infestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi-level logistic regression models were fitted to adjust for individual and household-level confounding variables, and identify predictors of scabies infestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scabies prevalence was 13.4% (95% CI 11.8 to 15.5). Households of more than five people (adjusted OR (aOR)=3.5, 95%\u2009CI 1.2 to 10.2) were associated with increased odds of developing scabies, however, females had lower odds (aOR=0.5 95%\u2009CI 0.3 to 0.8). Scabietic lesions most frequently involved the trunk (62.0%), and vesicles were the most common types of lesions (67.7%). Two-thirds of adult study participants had heard about scabies and most obtained scabies related information from informal sources. Only 32% of cases sought care for scabies from any source.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scabies prevalence was high, signifying the need for community-based control interventions. Host density and sex were important predictors of scabies. Despite the favourable attitude toward the effectiveness of scabies treatment, healthcare seeking was low.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T22:15:20Z","timestamp":1698272120000},"page":"e075038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Scabies in the Amhara region of northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, determinants, clinical presentation and community knowledge"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8013-6172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robel","family":"Yirgu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"},{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5951-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo","family":"Middleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2219-0952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abebaw","family":"Fekadu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0777-0385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jackie A","family":"Cassell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Tesfaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7065-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher Iain","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Bremner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendemagegn","family":"Enbiale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"},{"name":"NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121407244298000_13.10.e075038.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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