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Non-solid nodules rarely develop mediastinal lymph node metastasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>A phase III study was started in China to evaluate the non-inferiority in overall survival of spared mediastinal lymph node dissection compared with mediastinal lymph node dissection in stage IA NSCLC. A total of 1362 patients will be enrolled from 4 institutions in 2\u20133 years. The second endpoints are relapse-free survival and perioperative data, including duration of hospitalisation, duration of chest tube placement, operation time, blood loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title><jats:p>This protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Clinical Research Review Board of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT04631770\">NCT04631770<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T16:45:20Z","timestamp":1698511520000},"page":"e075242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mediastinal lymph node dissection versus spared mediastinal lymph node dissection in stage IA non-small cell lung cancer presented as ground glass nodules: study protocol of a phase III, randomised, multicentre trial (MELDSIG) in China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04631770","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7525-0595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenguang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changhao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renwang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuoqing","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongxu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenfa","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023102809451108000_13.10.e075242.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"2023102809451108000_13.10.e075242.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2005.05.021"},{"key":"2023102809451108000_13.10.e075242.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gould MK , Wiener RS . 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