{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:38:57Z","timestamp":1760834337992,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016337","name":"Department for the Economy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PhD funded by DfE, there is no Grant\/Award number"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD funded by DfE, there is no Grant\/Award number"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To provide an overview of the outcome measures currently used after sports-related concussion (SRC) in adolescents, categorising by the constructs they assess, follow-up duration and their feasibility of use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Scoping review.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We searched three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL). We also undertook citation tracking of the included articles and searched for ongoing or unpublished trials using ClinicalTrials.gov and Theses Global.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Eligibility criteria<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies tracking concussion recovery in adolescent athletes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>15 782 records were identified. After initial title and abstract screening, we retrieved 87 studies for full-text screening, with 75 studies fulfilling the eligibility criteria and included in the review, comprising 13\u2009107 participants (9480 male, 3615 female and 12 unreported), ranging in age from 5 to 19 years. 46 different outcome measures were used, with Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (n=42) and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (n=21) the most common. Most outcome measures quantified aspects of sensorimotor function including balance, oculomotor function and cognition. Follow-up duration ranged from 7\u2009days to 1 year. 60% of studies ceased follow-up assessments within 6\u2009weeks post-SRC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescent SRC literature uses a wide range of outcome measures. Most research quantifies cognitive\/fatigue domains in the acute\/subacute stages post-SRC, using male participants. Other key domains such as anxiety\/mood, migraine and key modifiers (cervical and sleep disturbance) are less well represented in the literature. Many of the outcome measures used in current research are associated with high cost and require highly qualified examiners, creating barriers to their implementation in some adolescent sporting environments.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Study registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/N937E\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/N937E<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T01:50:20Z","timestamp":1726019420000},"page":"e075590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcome measures used in adolescent sport-related concussion research: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0831-8481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connor Shane","family":"McKee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Bleakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5132-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan","family":"Rankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine NI, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097506"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2019.1617897","article-title":"A systematic review of acute concussion assessment selection in research","volume":"33","author":"Moody","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095491"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1031699"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.01.039"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205970021772687","DOI":"10.1177\/2059700217726874","article-title":"Post-concussion recovery in children and adolescents: a narrative review","volume":"1","author":"Manzanero","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Concuss"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00513","article-title":"Concussion as a multi-scale complex system: an interdisciplinary synthesis of current knowledge","volume":"8","author":"Kenzie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2791-6"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617710000986"},{"key":"2025101814064203000_14.9.e075590.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2017.02.003","article-title":"A prospective investigation of changes in the sensorimotor system following sports concussion. 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