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The inverse variance (I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) test was used to evaluate the presence of heterogeneity across the included studies. To identify the possible source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was carried out. Funnel plot symmetry, Begg\u2019s and Egger\u2019s tests were used to evaluate the existence of publication bias. In addition, factors associated with VDD among patients with T2DM were examined. All statistical analyses were carried out with STATA V.14 software.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 54 studies with 38\u2009016 study participants were included in the study. The pooled prevalence of VDD among patients with T2DM was found to be 64.2% (95% CI 60.6% to 67.8%) with a substantial level of heterogeneity (I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=98.2%; p&lt;0.001). Results of the subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence of VDD among patients with T2DM was highest (70.9%) in African nations and lowest (57.1%) in Middle East countries. Being female (pooled OR (POR) 1.60, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.97), having poor glycaemic control (POR 2.50; 95% CI 1.74 to 3.59), hypertension (POR 1.21; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.36), obesity (body mass index \u226525) (POR 1.68; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.44), dyslipidaemia (POR 2.54, 95% CI 1.37 to 4.73), albuminuria (POR 2.22, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.95), nephropathy (POR 1.58; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.31) and retinopathy (POR 1.48: 95% CI 1.17 to 1.89) were predictors of VDD among patients with T2DM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>More than half of patients with T2DM were suffering from VDD. Being female, having poor glycaemic control, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia, albuminuria, nephropathy and retinopathy were the predictors of VDD among patients with T2DM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T16:01:18Z","timestamp":1696521678000},"page":"e075607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0123-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitku Mammo","family":"Taderegew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gashaw Garedew","family":"Woldeamanuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemayehu","family":"Wondie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsede","family":"Getawey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abera Nesiru","family":"Abegaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fentahun","family":"Adane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023100509002134000_13.10.e075607.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00037","article-title":"Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance","volume":"4","author":"Cerf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"2023100509002134000_13.10.e075607.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05245-x"},{"key":"2023100509002134000_13.10.e075607.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16306","article-title":"Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and the impact of altered metabolic Interorgan Crosstalk","volume":"290","author":"Sanches","year":"2023","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2023100509002134000_13.10.e075607.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes-study Group, Kyrou I , Tsigos C , et al . 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