{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T20:47:07Z","timestamp":1760820427340,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703203200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Program for the Promotion of Excellent Young Scientists of the University of Duisburg-Essen","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Depression as well as suicidal ideation and behaviours share several precipitating and maintaining factors and are subject to the influence of overlapping constructs. One of these transdiagnostic constructs is rumination. For the treatment of rumination, a variety of interventions are already available. However, not everyone with a need receives psychotherapeutic treatment. And even if they do: implementing learnt strategies alone at home can be challenging for patients. Therefore, this study aims to test the feasibility of delivering microinterventions for the reduction of rumination in a smartphone-based setting with the goal to make these interventions accessible to a larger number of people and support their use in everyday life.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study\u2019s design is an uncontrolled-within-group design. Participants with at least mild depressive symptoms and reported rumination will be included and recruited via outpatient clinics as well as in the general population. The aim is to recruit at least N=70 participants. Participants first undergo a short telephone screening, a baseline assessment, a 7-day smartphone-based assessment including microinterventions in case participants report rumination and a postassessment. For feasibility purposes, primary outcomes relate to participants\u2019 compliance, their evaluation of the smartphone-based assessment as well as the microinterventions delivered during the assessment. As a secondary goal, clinical utility will be examined. Clinical outcomes (eg, depressive symptoms, rumination) will be measured at baseline and postassessment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The ethics committee of the institute of psychology of the university of Duisburg-Essen and University of Leipzig has approved the study. Study results will be disseminated to healthcare communities, in peer-reviewed science journals and at conferences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DRKS00031743.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-076031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T13:05:17Z","timestamp":1703250317000},"page":"e076031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Study protocol for a feasibility study of microinterventions in smartphone-based assessments to reduce depressive rumination"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6572-1421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inken","family":"H\u00f6ller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Spangenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101812575604000_13.12.e076031.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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