{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T19:53:01Z","timestamp":1782589981998,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyse the differences between nurses with and without substance use disorders (SUDs) admitted to a specialised mental health programme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Specialised mental health treatment programme for nurses in Catalonia, Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1091 nurses admitted to the programme from 2000 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sociodemographic, occupational and clinical variables were analysed. Diagnoses followed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, Text Revision criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most nurses admitted to the programme were women (88%, n=960) and came voluntarily (92.1%, n=1005). The mean age at admission was 45 (SD=10.4) years. The most common diagnoses were adjustment disorders (36.6%, n=399), unipolar mood disorders (25.8%, n=282), anxiety disorders (16.4%, n=179) and SUDs (13.8%, n=151). Only 19.2% (n=209) of the sample were hospitalised during their first treatment episode. After multivariate analysis, suffering from a SUD was significantly associated with being a man (OR=4.12; 95% CI 2.49\u2009to 6.82), coming after a directed referral (OR=4.55; 95% CI 2.5\u2009to 7.69), being on sick leave at admission (OR=2.21; 95% CI 1.42\u2009to 3.45) and needing hospitalisation at the beginning of their treatment (OR=12.5; 95% CI 8.3\u2009to 20).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nurses with SUDs have greater resistance to voluntarily asking for help from specialised mental health treatment programmes and have greater clinical severity compared with those without addictions. SUDs are also more frequent among men. More actions are needed to help prevent and promote earlier help-seeking behaviours among nurses with this type of mental disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-078012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T23:10:14Z","timestamp":1712358614000},"page":"e078012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparing nurses attending a specialised mental health programme with and without substance use disorder: a retrospective, observational study in Spain"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7314-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Braquehais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health and Addictions Research Group, CIBERSAM-G27, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuli\u00e1n","family":"Mozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enric","family":"Llavayol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Gausachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Services, Centre Psicoter\u00e0pia Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2630-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Nieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergi","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"ACE Foundation, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Grau-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health and Addictions Research Group, CIBERSAM-G27, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Pyschiatry, School of Medicine, Univesitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep Antoni","family":"Ramos-Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Addictions Research Group, CIBERSAM-G27, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugeni","family":"Bruguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galatea Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121403470377000_14.4.e078012.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1159\/000507573","article-title":"Shiftwork and alcohol consumption: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Richter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Addict Res"},{"key":"2025121403470377000_14.4.e078012.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-015-0014-x","article-title":"Mental health risks among nurses under abusive supervision: the moderating roles of job role ambiguity and patients\u2019 lack of reciprocity","volume":"9","author":"Qian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"key":"2025121403470377000_14.4.e078012.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stelnicki AM , Carleton RN . 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