{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T21:12:11Z","timestamp":1776373931462,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020D031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Training Program for Key Talents of Fujian Provincial Health Commission","award":["2020GGB053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020GGB053"]}]},{"name":"Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ASTRUM-007 study confirmed the significant efficacy and safety of serplulimab plus chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced\/metastatic, programmed cell death-ligand 1 positive oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The economics of this regimen, however, is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of adding serplulimab to chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced OSCC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A partitioned survival model was established to simulate the costs and outcomes of chemotherapy versus serplulimab plus chemotherapy. The survival data came from the ASTRUM-007 study. Only direct medical costs were considered, and utility values were referred to the literature. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the effect of parameter uncertainty on the model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total costs, incremental costs, life years, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), incremental QALYs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The base case analysis showed that the cost of serplulimab plus chemotherapy (US$69 356) was US$41\u2009607 higher than that of chemotherapy (US$27 749), but it also gained 0.38 QALYs more (1.38 vs 1 QALYs), with an ICER of US$110 744.36\/QALY, which was higher than the willingness to pay. The factors that most influenced the ICER were the price of serplulimab, weight and utility value of the progression-free survival stage. The subgroup analysis and scenario analysis also demonstrated that serplulimab plus chemotherapy was not economical.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with chemotherapy, serplulimab coupled with chemotherapy was not cost-effective for the treatment of advanced OSCC in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-078924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T19:17:38Z","timestamp":1701976658000},"page":"e078924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Economic evaluation of serplulimab plus chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03958890","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9918-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunchun","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kailong","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bili","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.07.003"},{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J Clinicians"},{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.04.024"},{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/33191","article-title":"The disease and economic burdens of Esophageal cancer in China from 2013 to 2030: dynamic cohort modeling study","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy502"},{"key":"2025121408555381000_13.12.e078924.6","unstructured":"Network NCC . 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