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We analysed the prevalence of such conditions in a large population cohort, stratified by sex, and associations with exposure to vibrating hand-held tools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals in the Malm\u00f6 Diet and Cancer Study cohort (MDCS; inclusion 1991\u20131996; followed until 2018) were asked, \u2018does your work involve working with vibrating hand-held tools?\u2019 (response: \u2018not at all\u2019, \u2018some\u2019 and \u2018much\u2019). Data were cross-linked with national registers to identify treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE), Dupuytren\u2019s disease, trigger finger or first carpometacarpal joint (CMC-1) osteoarthritis (OA). Cox regression models, unadjusted and adjusted (age, sex, prevalent diabetes, smoking, hypertension and alcohol consumption), were performed to analyse the effects of reported vibration exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals in the MDCS who had answered the questionnaire on vibration exposure (14\u2009342 out of the originally 30\u2009446 individuals in MDCS) were included in the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 12 220\/14 342 individuals (76%) reported \u2018no\u2019 exposure, 1392\/14 342 (9%) \u2018some\u2019 and 730\/14 342 (5%) \u2018much\u2019 exposure to vibrating hand-held tools. In men, \u2018much\u2019 exposure was independently associated with CTS (HR 1.71 (95% CI 1.11 to 2.62)) and UNE (HR 2.42 (95% CI 1.15 to 5.07)). \u2018Some\u2019 exposure was independently associated with UNE in men (HR 2.10 (95% CI 1.12 to 3.95)). \u2018Much\u2019 exposure was independently associated with trigger finger in women (HR 2.73 (95% CI 1.49 to 4.99)). We found no effect of vibration exposure on Dupuytren\u2019s disease or CMC-1 OA. \u2018Much\u2019 vibration exposure predicted any hand and forearm diagnosis in men (HR 1.44 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.80)), but not in women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vibration exposure by hand-held tools increases the risk of developing CTS and UNE and any common hand and forearm conditions in men, whereas women only risk trigger finger and CMC-1 OA. Adjustment for relevant confounders in vibration exposure is crucial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T22:50:20Z","timestamp":1718751020000},"page":"e080777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Risk of hand and forearm conditions due to vibrating hand-held tools exposure: a retrospective cohort study from Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9925-3838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malin","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine\u2014Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Helsingborgs lasarett, Helsingborg, 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