{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:42:36Z","timestamp":1773423756932,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"South Asia Self-Harm Initiative, funded by Global Challenges Research Fund, UK Research and Innovation","award":["MR\/P028144\/2."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/P028144\/2."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Suicide is a global public health problem. Self-inflicted burns are one of the most severe methods of suicide, with high morbidity and mortality. Low-income and middle-income countries contribute 40% of all suicidal burns. Pakistan lacks comprehensive burns surveillance data, which prevents an understanding of the magnitude of the problem. This scoping review aims to understand the scope of the problem of suicide and self-harm burns in Pakistan and to identify knowledge gaps within the existing literature related to this specific phenomenon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review will follow the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O\u2019Malley. We will search electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Pakmedinet), grey literature and a reference list of relevant articles to identify studies for inclusion. We will look for studies on self-inflicted burns as a method of suicide and self-harm in Pakistan, published from the beginning until December 2023, in the English language. Two independent reviewers will screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. The data will be collected on a data extraction form developed through an iterative process by the research team and it will be analysed using descriptive statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical exemption for this study has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board Committee of Aga Khan University Karachi, Pakistan. The findings of the study will be disseminated by conducting workshops for stakeholders, including psychiatrists, psychologists, counsellors, general and public health physicians and policymakers. The findings will be published in national and international peer-reviewed journals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T14:01:51Z","timestamp":1711634511000},"page":"e080815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Suicide and self-harm by burns in Pakistan: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5755-7609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aisha","family":"Noorullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6908-9435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahina","family":"Pirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1332-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Bebbington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mental Health and Society, Bangor University, Wrexham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5034-6865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Burns. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/burns"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Canetto SS , Pouradeli S , Khan MM , et al . Suicidal self-burning in women and men around the world: a cultural and gender analysis of patterns and explanations. In: Suicide risk assessment and prevention. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022: 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-41319-4_61-1"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013E31802C8878","article-title":"Suicide by self-Immolation: comprehensive overview, experiences and suggestions","volume":"28","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Burn Care & Research"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.4","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Suicide worldwide in 2019: global health estimates. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021."},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197507","article-title":"Health related quality of life in adults after burn injuries: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Spronk","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irac012.061","article-title":"58 burn injuries in Asia: a Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"43","author":"Collier","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-064535","article-title":"Patterns of suicide and self-harm in Pakistan: a retrospective descriptive study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Asad","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.8","unstructured":"The Express Tribune . Law penalising suicide attempts abolished. 2022. Available: https:\/\/tribune.com.pk\/story\/2392477\/law-penalising-suicide-attempts-abolished"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-022-01086-7","article-title":"Sociodemographic characteristics and patterns of suicide in Pakistan: an analysis of current trends","volume":"59","author":"Naveed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Community Ment Health J"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300802149811"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2003.10.018"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2011.02.011"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e31828b0a46","article-title":"Self-inflicted burns: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Hahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29252\/beat-070101","article-title":"Self-Immolation in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Saadati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull Emerg Trauma"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02317-y","article-title":"Terminology and methods used to differentiate injury intent of hospital burn patients in South Asia: a systematic scoping review protocol","volume":"12","author":"Bebbington","year":"2023","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.16","first-page":"4","article-title":"Clinical and demographic features of burn injuries in Karachi: a six-year experience at the burns centre, civil hospital, Karachi","volume":"29","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","article-title":"Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework","volume":"8","author":"Arksey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Soc Res Methodol"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69"},{"key":"2025120518192812000_14.3.e080815.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167","article-title":"Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews","volume":"18","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Evid Synth"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080815","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T02:19:41Z","timestamp":1764987581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080815"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080815"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080815","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}