{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:43:23Z","timestamp":1792799003842,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HangZhou Municipal Health Commission","award":["A20200673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A20200673"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/044bb5p62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014996","name":"Health Commission of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022KY988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KY988"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of nanopore sequencing for the early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) using cerebrospinal fluid and compared it with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, mycobacterial growth indicator tube culture and Xpert\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MTB)\/rifampicin (RIF).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-centre retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled 64 adult patients with presumptive TBM admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of AFB smear, culture, Xpert MTB\/RIF and nanopore sequencing to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy compared with a composite reference standard for TBM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among these 64 patients, all tested negative for TBM by AFB smear. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 11.11%, 100%, 100% and 32.2% for culture, 13.33%, 100%, 100% and 2.76% for Xpert MTB\/RIF, and 77.78%, 100%, 100% and 65.52% for nanopore sequencing, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The diagnostic accuracy of the nanopore sequencing test was significantly higher than that of conventional testing methods used to detect TBM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T14:08:21Z","timestamp":1718114901000},"page":"e080904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Using cerebrospinal fluid nanopore sequencing assay to diagnose tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective cohort study in China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lihong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingwu","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0283-3505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2019.07.007"},{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2020.1858805","article-title":"Advances in tuberculous meningitis diagnosis","volume":"20","author":"Ahlawat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7717-8_20","article-title":"Progress on diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis","volume":"1754","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)01013-6"},{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2022.102230","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid AFB smear in adults with tuberculous meningitis: a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis","volume":"135","author":"Stadelman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"2024061110251917000_14.6.e080904.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balabanova Y , Drobniewski F , Nikolayevskyy V , et al . 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