{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T18:45:30Z","timestamp":1773945930972,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1198270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1198270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["199222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["199222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2000842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2000842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["433006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["433006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["491205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["491205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001275","name":"Oak Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OUSA-20-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OUSA-20-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is a lack of longitudinal population-based research comparing women\u2019s experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from the Mothers\u2019 and Young People\u2019s Study, the prevalence of physical and emotional IPV in the first year of the pandemic is compared with earlier waves of data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective pregnancy cohort of first-time mothers in Melbourne, Australia was followed up over the first decade of motherhood, with a quick response study conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. 422 women completed the primary exposure measure (IPV; Composite Abuse Scale) in the 1st, 4th and 10th year postpartum and the additional pandemic survey (June 2020\u2013April 2021).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Depressive symptoms; anxiety symptoms; IPV disclosure to a doctor, friends or family, or someone else.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Maternal report of emotional IPV alone was higher during the pandemic (14.4%, 95% CI 11.4% to 18.2%) than in the 10th (9.5%, 95% CI 7.0% to 12.7%), 4th (9.2%, 95% CI 6.8% to 12.4%) and 1st year after the birth of their first child (5.9%, 95% CI 4.0% to 8.6%). Conversely, physical IPV was lowest during the pandemic (3.1%, 95% CI 1.8% to 5.0%). Of women experiencing IPV during the pandemic: 29.7% were reporting IPV for the first time, 52.7% reported concurrent depressive symptoms and just 6.8% had told their doctor.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Findings suggest that the spike in IPV-related crime statistics following the onset of the pandemic (typically incidents of physical violence) is the tip of the iceberg for women\u2019s IPV experiences. There is a need to increase the capacity of health practitioners to recognise emotional as well as physical IPV, and IPV ought to be considered where women present with mental health problems.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-081382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T03:56:00Z","timestamp":1713585360000},"page":"e081382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Experiences of physical and emotional intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparison of prepandemic and pandemic data in a longitudinal study of Australian mothers"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4499-2884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly M","family":"FitzPatrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9812-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie J","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Hegarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona K","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6749-8147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deirdre","family":"Gartland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101815085935000_14.4.e081382.1","unstructured":"Women U . 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