{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T14:59:20Z","timestamp":1767193160866,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women all around the world. Today, in addition to factors including hormones and genetics that are involved in the occurrence of breast cancer, special attention is paid to the role of social and non-medical determinants of health. This study aims to explore the perception of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) in women with breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative study design with a conventional thematic analysis approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, between December 2021 and February 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>19\u2009women with breast cancer were selected through purposeful and snowball sampling with maximum variation. Sampling continued until data saturation was reached.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study categorised the extracted codes from interviews into three main categories and 12 subcategories related to SDH in women with breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study identified factors such as personal and family health records, health behaviours and lifestyles and medical screening and follow-up as key themes in the perception of SDH among women with breast cancer. The main categories were also categorised into 12 subcategories, \u2018including family history\u2019, \u2018environmental factors\u2019, \u2018hormonal and medicinal changes\u2019, \u2018metaphysical factors\u2019, \u2018traditional medicine-related factors\u2019, \u2018stress\u2019, \u2018body weight\u2019, \u2018physical activity\u2019, \u2018nutrition\u2019, \u2018smoking and tobacco use\u2019, \u2018screening\u2019, \u2018self-examination\u2019 and \u2018barriers to medical follow-up\u2019. \u2018Near the telecommunications tower\u2019, \u2018Improper use of supplements\u2019, \u2018Being subjected to the evil eye regularly\u2019, \u2018Eating cold nature foods\u2019, \u2018Breast weight\u2019 and \u2018Being ashamed of the doctor\u2019 were some examples of the codes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants identified a number of environmental, personal and cultural factors as contributing to the disease. Woman\u2019s screening behaviours were influenced by factors such as fear of disease and death, disbelief in getting sick and shame, depending on cultural context. The study suggests the need for further research to explore the impact of these factors on screening behaviours and outcomes in different cultural contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-081839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T06:10:52Z","timestamp":1723875052000},"page":"e081839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk perception regarding social determinants of health among women with breast cancer in Iran: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6106-2243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arezou","family":"Ashari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9840-5588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"SoleimanvandiAzar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4330-3522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzieh","family":"Nojomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3672-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadi","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3551-1866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamran","family":"Mirzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7454-9985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahid","family":"Nafissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2915-3725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahshid","family":"Roohravan Benis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6401-9654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Rampisheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121511475196000_14.8.e081839.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2010.2638","article-title":"Breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and early detection practices in United States-Mexico border latinas","volume":"21","author":"Banegas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2025121511475196000_14.8.e081839.2","unstructured":"Ryan KJ , Berkowitz RS , Barbieri RL , et al . 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