{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:09:31Z","timestamp":1787580571234,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical cancer (CC) is preventable through regular screening and vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV). However, CC remains a significant public health issue in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Vietnam, where financial constraints hinder the widespread implementation of HPV vaccination and screening programmes. Currently, Vietnam lacks both a national CC screening intervention and an HPV vaccination programme for women and girls. To date, cost-effectiveness studies evaluating CC screening methods in Vietnam remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two CC screening strategies for Vietnamese women aged 25\u201355 years: (1) cotesting combining cytology and HPV testing conducted three times at 5\u2009year intervals (intervention) and (2) cytology-based screening conducted five times at 2\u2009year intervals (comparator). The objective is to provide evidence to inform policy and clinical practice in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cost-effectiveness analysis using a Markov model with 1\u2009year cycles to simulate the natural progression of CC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Vietnamese healthcare system, modelled from the provider\u2019s perspective, with parameters adapted to the local context through expert consultations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A simulated cohort of Vietnamese women aged 25\u201355 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The intervention involved cotesting (cytology and HPV testing) three times at 5\u2009year intervals. The comparator was cytology-based screening conducted five times at 2\u2009year intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome measure was quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Costs and cost-effectiveness ratios were assessed using Vietnam\u2019s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita as the cost-effectiveness threshold (1\u20133 times GDP per capita). Sensitivity analyses (one-way deterministic and probabilistic) were conducted to account for uncertainties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cotesting strategy was less effective and more costly than cytology-based screening across all age groups. Cotesting resulted in higher costs and fewer QALYs than the comparator. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed that cotesting was not cost-effective under current conditions in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cytology-based screening conducted five times at 2\u2009year intervals is a more cost-effective option for CC screening in Vietnamese women aged 25\u201355 years. The cotesting strategy cannot be recommended due to its higher cost and lower effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T22:41:10Z","timestamp":1737585670000},"page":"e082145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cervical cancer screening by cotesting method for Vietnamese women 25\u201355 years old: a cost-effectiveness analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6005-7032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hien Thu","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Science, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Nu Hanh","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Administration and Pharmacoeconomics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thang Hong","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25516"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.3","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Cervical cancer elimination initiative. 2021 Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/initiatives\/cervical-cancer-elimination-initiative"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.2996","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"5","author":"Fitzmaurice","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2017-000535","article-title":"Evaluation of research on interventions aligned to WHO 'Best Buys' for NCDs in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review from 1990 to 2015","volume":"3","author":"Allen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/cyt.12334","article-title":"Primary HPV testing: a proposal for co-testing in initial rounds of screening to optimise sensitivity of cervical cancer screening","volume":"28","author":"Herbert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.7","first-page":"4409","article-title":"Experience of Combined Liquid Based Cervical Cytology and High-Risk HPV mRNA for Cervical Cancer Screening in Thammasat University Hospital","volume":"17","author":"Muangto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21877","article-title":"Three-year risk of high-grade CIN for women aged 30 years or older who undergo baseline Pap cytology and HPV co-screening","volume":"125","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4614-y","article-title":"Prior cervical cytology and high-risk HPV testing results for 311 patients with invasive cervical adenocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study from China\u2019s largest independent operator of pathology laboratories","volume":"19","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v26","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex523","article-title":"Risk of human papillomavirus infection in women with rheumatic disease: cervical cancer screening and prevention","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.11","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of primary human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening: Results from the HPV FOCAL Trial","volume":"15","author":"Mezei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07321-2","article-title":"Outcomes of prior cervical cytology and HR-HPV testing in women subsequently diagnosed with CIN1, CIN2\/3, and invasive cervical cancer: a 4-year routine clinical experience after implementation of systematic training and quality control programs","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2015.5708","article-title":"The Clinical and Economic Benefits of Co-Testing Versus Primary HPV Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Modeling Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Felix","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.14","unstructured":"B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf . H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ung th\u01b0 c\u1ed1 t\u1eed cung. 2019."},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.15","unstructured":"Ministry of Home Affairs, United Nations Population Fund in Vietnam . Report on vietnamese youth in the period of 2015-2018. 2019."},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.16","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Human papillomavirus (hpv) and cervical cancer. 2021. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/human-papillomavirus-(hpv)-and-cervical-cancer"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17061\/phrp2921913","article-title":"Benefits, harms and cost-effectiveness of cancer screening in Australia: an overview of modelling estimates","volume":"29","author":"Lew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pub Health Res Pract"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.18","unstructured":"The US Preventive Services Task Force . Draft recommendation statement: cervical cancer: screening. United States Preventive Services Taskforce; 2021. Available: https:\/\/www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org\/uspstf\/document\/draft-recommendation-statement\/cervical-cancer-screening#citation5"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.19","first-page":"441","article-title":"Cervical Cancer Screening","volume":"97","author":"Rerucha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.20","unstructured":"Arbyn M , Anttila A , Jordan J , et al . European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. 2nd edn."},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v6.i6.281","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in developing countries at a crossroad: Emerging technologies and policy choices","volume":"6","author":"Catarino","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2018.06.003"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.552028","article-title":"Epidemiology and Burden of Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Vaccine Evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Kombe Kombe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30695"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.25","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Cervical Cancer Screening in Developing Countries: Report of a WHO Consultation.2002. Available: https:\/\/books.google.se\/books?hl=vi&lr=&id=gMN9veiBJGYC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=cervical+cancer+screening+in+developing+countries&ots=PO3i_t_nW4&sig=UcLblou3LJ_K6z8tMTXAEV-WY6Y&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=stop&f=false"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10464","article-title":"De novo establishment and cost-effectiveness of Papanicolaou cytology screening services in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam","volume":"94","author":"Levin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.05.038","article-title":"Exploring the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in Vietnam: insights for evidence-based cervical cancer prevention policy","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine (Auckl)"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2020075","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in Vietnam and Korea (1999-2017)","volume":"42","author":"Tran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3864","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of primary human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening: Results from the HPV FOCAL Trial","volume":"10","author":"Cromwell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2020.101861","article-title":"Health economic evaluation of primary human papillomavirus screening in urban populations in China","volume":"70","author":"Keane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226335","article-title":"Economic evaluation of HPV DNA test as primary screening method for cervical cancer: A health policy discussion in Greece","volume":"14","author":"Skroumpelos","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.32","first-page":"e95","article-title":"The budget impact of cervical cancer screening using HPV primary screening","volume":"22","author":"Wright","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145548","article-title":"Cervical Cancer Screening in Partly HPV Vaccinated Cohorts - A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Naber","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-014-0135-4","article-title":"Cost effectiveness of human papillomavirus-16\/18 genotyping in cervical cancer screening","volume":"13","author":"Huh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Health Econ Health Policy"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1586\/14737167.2015.1057126","article-title":"Long-term costs of introducing HPV-DNA post-treatment surveillance to national cervical cancer screening in Ireland","volume":"15","author":"Agapova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.01.008","article-title":"Screening capacity and cost-effectiveness of the human papillomavirus test versus cervicography as an adjunctive test to Pap cytology to detect high-grade cervical dysplasia","volume":"234","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.03.029"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3182616241"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30007-5","article-title":"Primary HPV testing versus cytology-based cervical screening in women in Australia vaccinated for HPV and unvaccinated: effectiveness and economic assessment for the National Cervical Screening Program","volume":"2","author":"Lew","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2592-5","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of different types of human papillomavirus vaccination combined with a cervical cancer screening program in mainland China","volume":"17","author":"Mo","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2012.02.012","article-title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Bivalent Compared with the Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccines in Taiwan","volume":"15","author":"Demarteau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963-017-0154-0","article-title":"Impact of HPV vaccination: health gains in the Italian female population","volume":"15","author":"Marcellusi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.43","first-page":"S29","article-title":"Cost and effectiveness evaluation of prophylactic HPV vaccine in developing countries","volume":"15","author":"Termrungruanglert","year":"2012","journal-title":"V Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1118-3","article-title":"Simultaneously characterizing the comparative economics of routine female adolescent nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and assortativity of sexual mixing in Hong Kong Chinese: a modeling analysis","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30183-X"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v9100267"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-1182"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2758-2","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination in Nigeria: a decision analysis using pragmatic parameter estimates for cost and programme coverage","volume":"17","author":"Ekwunife","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.071","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of nonavalent HPV vaccination among males aged 22 through 26\u202fyears in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Chesson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.19.1469"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.154032","article-title":"Diagnostic value of combination of HPV testing and cytology as compared to isolated cytology in screening cervical cancer: A meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1200\/JGO.2016.008011","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data to Assess the Sensitivity of Cervical Cytology for Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","volume":"3","author":"Castanon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glob Oncol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2017.1402912","article-title":"Medical costs for the treatment of cervical cancer at central hospitals in Vietnam","volume":"39","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.54","unstructured":"Kulasingam SL , Havrilesky L , Ghebre R , et al . Screening for Cervical Cancer: A Decision Analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Agency Healthc Reasearch Qual, 2011:55\u201366."},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.07.024","article-title":"The ATHENA human papillomavirus study: design, methods, and baseline results","volume":"206","author":"Wright","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2023.02.006","article-title":"Does a Standard Cost-Effectiveness Threshold Exist? The Case of Greece","volume":"36","author":"Tzanetakos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Val Health Reg Issues"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-017-0606-1"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.58","first-page":"929","article-title":"Country-Level Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds: Initial Estimates and the Need for Further Research","volume":"19","author":"Woods","year":"2016","journal-title":"V Health"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.59","unstructured":"World Bank . GDP per capita (current us$) - vietnam. 2021. Available: https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=VN"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.60","unstructured":"Vietcombank . T\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i. 2021. Available: https:\/\/portal.vietcombank.com.vn\/Personal\/TG\/Pages\/ty-gia.aspx?devicechannel=default"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-01930-9"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta18520"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djw216","article-title":"Optimal Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Vaccinated Against Human Papillomavirus","volume":"109","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.64","article-title":"Adapting cervical cancer screening for women vaccinated against human papillomavirus infections: The value of stratifying guidelines","volume":"12","author":"Luckett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2025121221444523000_15.1.e082145.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0541-7","article-title":"A dynamic Bayesian Markov model for health economic evaluations of interventions in infectious disease","volume":"18","author":"Haeussler","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:45:00Z","timestamp":1765604700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}